멀티레이트 및 다단 필터

데시메이션, 보간, 레이트 변환, 필터 뱅크

멀티레이트 필터는 레이트가 변환된 신호에 에일리어싱 또는 이미징을 발생시키지 않고 디지털 신호의 샘플 레이트를 변경하는 디지털 필터입니다. 이러한 필터는 샘플 레이트를 감소시키는 데시메이터, 샘플 레이트를 증가시키는 보간기, 둘 모두를 수행하는 레이트 변환기로 분류됩니다. 이러한 레이트 변환 연산과 시간 및 주파수 영역에서 신호에 미치는 영향에 대한 자세한 내용은 Overview of Multirate Filters 항목을 참조하십시오. DSP System Toolbox™는 데시메이터, 보간기, 레이트 변환기를 구현하는 MATLAB^® System object와 Simulink^® 블록을 제공합니다. 채널라이저, 채널 신시사이저, 2채널 반대역 필터 뱅크, 멀티레벨 필터 뱅크와 같은 고급 필터 기술은 이러한 필터를 기본 컴포넌트로 사용합니다.

큰 레이트 변환 인자를 가진 멀티레이트 필터는 단일 단계가 아니라 두 단계 이상에서 효율적으로 구현할 수 있습니다. 설계가 길고(많은 계수 포함) 비용이 많이 드는 경우(입력 샘플별로 곱셈과 덧셈이 많이 필요함) 단일 단계 접근 방식과 비교해 다단 접근 방식을 구현하는 것이 더 효율적입니다. 자세한 내용은 Overview of Multistage Filters 항목을 참조하십시오.

DSP System Toolbox의 designMultistageDecimator 함수와 designMultistageInterpolator 함수는 필터의 최적 구성을 자동으로 결정합니다. 여기에는 단계 수와 각 단계에 대한 레이트 변환 인자 결정이 포함됩니다. 구성을 최적화하면 최소한의 계산만으로도 충분하며 cost 함수를 사용하여 이러한 구현 비용을 측정할 수 있습니다. 예제는 Multistage Rate Conversion 항목을 참조하십시오.

객체

모두 확장

단일 단계 필터

`dsp.FarrowRateConverter`	Polynomial sample rate converter with arbitrary conversion factor
`dsp.FIRDecimator`	Perform polyphase FIR decimation
`dsp.FIRHalfbandDecimator`	Decimate signal using polyphase FIR halfband filter
`dsp.FIRHalfbandInterpolator`	Interpolate signal using polyphase FIR halfband filter
`dsp.FIRInterpolator`	Perform polyphase FIR interpolation
`dsp.FIRRateConverter`	Perform polyphase FIR sample rate conversion
`dsp.IIRHalfbandDecimator`	Decimate by factor of two using polyphase IIR
`dsp.IIRHalfbandInterpolator`	Interpolate by a factor of two using polyphase IIR
`dsp.ParallelFilter`	Create parallel sum filter structure (R2023b 이후)
`dsp.VariableFIRDecimator`	Polyphase FIR decimation with tunable decimation factor (R2024b 이후)
`dsp.VariableFIRInterpolator`	Polyphase FIR interpolation with tunable interpolation factor (R2024b 이후)

다단 필터

`dsp.ComplexBandpassDecimator`	Extract a frequency subband using a one-sided (complex) bandpass decimator
`dsp.DigitalDownConverter`	Translate digital signal from intermediate frequency (IF) band to baseband and decimate it
`dsp.DigitalUpConverter`	Interpolate digital signal and translate it from baseband to IF band
`dsp.FilterCascade`	Create cascade of filter System objects
`dsp.SampleRateConverter`	Multistage sample rate converter

CIC 필터

`dsp.CICCompensationDecimator`	Compensate for CIC decimation filter using FIR decimator
`dsp.CICCompensationInterpolator`	Compensate for CIC interpolation filter using FIR interpolator
`dsp.CICDecimator`	Decimate signal using cascaded integrator-comb (CIC) filter
`dsp.CICInterpolator`	Interpolate signal using cascaded integrator-comb filter

필터 뱅크

`dsp.Channelizer`	Polyphase FFT analysis filter bank
`dsp.ChannelSynthesizer`	Polyphase FFT synthesis filter bank
`dsp.DyadicAnalysisFilterBank`	Dyadic analysis filter bank
`dsp.DyadicSynthesisFilterBank`	Reconstruct signals from subbands
`dsp.SubbandAnalysisFilter`	Decompose signal into high-frequency and low-frequency subbands
`dsp.SubbandSynthesisFilter`	Reconstruct signal from high-frequency and low-frequency subbands

함수

모두 확장

필터 분석

`coeffs`	필터 System object 계수를 구조체로 반환
`cost`	Estimate cost of implementing filter System object
`freqz`	Frequency response of discrete-time filter System object
`filterAnalyzer`	Analyze filters with Filter Analyzer app (R2024a 이후)
`info`	Information about filter System object
`measure`	Measure frequency response characteristics of filter System object
`outputDelay`	Determine output delay of single-rate or multirate filter (R2022a 이후)
`polyphase`	Polyphase decomposition of multirate filter

단일 단계 및 다단 필터

`cascade`	Cascade of filter system objects
`parallel`	Create parallel sum filter structure

멀티레이트 다단 필터 설계

`designMultirateFIR`	Design and implement antialiasing and anti-imaging lowpass FIR filter
`designMultistageDecimator`	Multistage decimator design
`designMultistageInterpolator`	Multistage interpolator design
`fdesign.decimator`	Decimator filter specification object
`fdesign.interpolator`	Interpolator filter specification
`fdesign.rsrc`	Rational-factor sample-rate converter specification

블록

모두 확장

단일 단계 멀티레이트 필터

Farrow Rate Converter	Polynomial sample-rate converter with arbitrary conversion factor
FIR Decimation	Perform polyphase FIR decimation
FIR Halfband Decimator	Decimate signal using polyphase FIR halfband filter
FIR Halfband Interpolator	Interpolate signal using polyphase FIR halfband filter
FIR Interpolation	Perform polyphase FIR interpolation
FIR Rate Conversion	Perform polyphase FIR sample rate conversion
IIR Halfband Decimator	Decimate signal using polyphase IIR halfband filter
IIR Halfband Interpolator	Interpolate signal using polyphase IIR halfband filter
Variable FIR Decimation	Polyphase FIR decimation with tunable decimation factor (R2023a 이후)
Variable FIR Interpolation	Polyphase FIR interpolation with tunable interpolation factor (R2023a 이후)

다단 필터

Complex Bandpass Decimator	Extract a frequency subband using a one-sided (complex) bandpass decimator
Digital Down-Converter	Translate digital signal from intermediate frequency (IF) band to baseband and decimate it
Digital Up-Converter	Interpolate and translate digital signal from baseband to intermediate frequency (IF) band
Sample-Rate Converter	Multistage sample-rate conversion

CIC 필터

CIC Compensation Decimator	Compensate for CIC filter using FIR decimator
CIC Compensation Interpolator	Compensate for CIC filter using FIR interpolator
CIC Decimation	Decimate signal using cascaded integrator-comb filter
CIC Interpolation	Interpolate signal using cascaded integrator-comb filter

필터 뱅크

Channelizer	Polyphase FFT analysis filter bank
Channel Synthesizer	Polyphase FFT synthesis filter bank
Dyadic Analysis Filter Bank	Decompose signals into subbands with smaller bandwidths and slower sample rates or compute discrete wavelet transform (DWT)
Dyadic Synthesis Filter Bank	Reconstruct signals from subbands with smaller bandwidths and slower sample rates or compute inverse discrete wavelet transform (IDWT)
Two-Channel Analysis Subband Filter	Decompose signal into high-frequency and low-frequency subbands
Two-Channel Synthesis Subband Filter	Reconstruct signal from high-frequency and low-frequency subbands

도움말 항목

멀티레이트 모델의 샘플 레이트 및 프레임 속도

Inspect Sample and Frame Rates in Simulink
Understand sample time, sample rate, frame period, and frame rate in the context of a Simulink model. Determine the sample and frame rates of signals in your model.
Convert Sample and Frame Rates in Simulink Using Rate Conversion Blocks
Learn how direct-rate conversion blocks impact the sample rate and frame rate of signals in Simulink models.
Convert Sample and Frame Rates in Simulink Using Frame Rebuffering Blocks
Learn how frame rebuffering blocks impact the sample rate and frame rate of signals in Simulink models.

멀티레이트 필터

Overview of Multirate Filters
Define multirate filters and understand decimation and interpolation. Understand aliasing and imaging and ways to avoid them.
Design of Decimators and Interpolators
This example shows how to design filters for decimation and interpolation of discrete sequences.
Multirate Filtering in MATLAB and Simulink
Perform multirate filtering using rate conversion objects and blocks.
FIR Nyquist (L-th band) Filter Design
This example shows how to design lowpass FIR Nyquist filters.

다단 필터

Overview of Multistage Filters
Different types of multistage filters and their uses. Learn how to implement decimators and interpolators using the multistage approach.
Multistage Rate Conversion
Design multistage rate conversion filters.

필터 뱅크

Overview of Filter Banks
Provides an overview of the channelizer, channel synthesizer, and the two-channel filter bank.
Two-Channel Filter Bank Using Halfband Decimators and Halfband Interpolators
Implement a two-channel filter bank using the FIR and IIR halfband filters. Compare the implementation cost and group delay.
Channelize and Synthesize Sine Wave in MATLAB
Channelize and synthesize sinusoidal signal in MATLAB.
Synthesize and Channelize Audio in Simulink
Synthesize and channelize audio signals.
Multilevel Filter Banks
Understand dyadic analysis and dyadic synthesis multilevel filter banks.
Calculate Channel Latencies Required for Wavelet Reconstruction
Learn how to calculate the latencies required for perfect wavelet reconstruction.

Dataflow

Model Multirate Signal Processing Systems Using Dataflow
Use a Dataflow Subsystem to automatically calculate frame sizes in multirate systems.

지연 및 대기 시간

Time-Based Scheduling and Code Generation (Simulink Coder)
Consider continuous and discrete block usage, sample times, rate transitions for multirate models, discretization, and choosing between single-tasking mode and multitasking mode when designing models intended for code generation.
Delay and Latency
Configure the Simulink environment to minimize delay and increase simulation performance.