Noncentral F Distribution

R2026b

Definition

Similar to the noncentral χ² distribution, the toolbox calculates noncentral F distribution probabilities as a weighted sum of incomplete beta functions using Poisson probabilities as the weights.

The noncentral F distribution cumulative distribution function is

$$F(x|{\nu }_1,{\nu }_2,\delta )={\displaystyle \sum _{j=0}^{\infty }\left(\frac{{\left(\frac{1}{2}\delta \right)}^j}{j!}{e}^{\frac{-\delta }{2}}\right)}I\left(\frac{{\nu }_1\cdot x}{{\nu }_2+{\nu }_1\cdot x}|\frac{{\nu }_1}{2}+j,\frac{{\nu }_2}{2}\right)$$

for x ≥ 0, where I(x|a,b) is the regularized incomplete beta function with parameters a and b, and δ is the noncentrality parameter.

Background

As with the χ² distribution, the F distribution is a special case of the noncentral F distribution. The F distribution is the result of taking the ratio of χ² random variables each divided by its degrees of freedom.

If the numerator of the ratio is a noncentral chi-square random variable divided by its degrees of freedom, the resulting distribution is the noncentral F distribution.

The main application of the noncentral F distribution is to calculate the power of a hypothesis test relative to a particular alternative.

Parameters

The noncentral F distribution uses the following parameters.

Parameter	Description	Support
ν1	Numerator degrees of freedom	ν = 1, 2, 3,...
ν2	Denominator degrees of freedom	ν = 1, 2, 3,...
δ	Noncentrality parameter	δ ≥ 0

Examples

Compute Noncentral F Distribution Probability Density Function

Compute the probability density function (pdf) of a noncentral F distribution with the numerator degrees of freedom nu1=5, denominator degrees of freedom nu2=20, and noncentrality parameter delta=10. For comparison, also compute the pdf of an F distribution with the same degrees of freedom.

x = 0.01:0.1:10.01;
nu1 = 5;
nu2 = 20;
delta = 10;
ncf = ncfpdf(x,nu1,nu2,delta);
f = fpdf(x,nu1,nu2);

Plot the noncentral F pdf and the F pdf on the same figure.

figure
plot(x,ncf,"b-",LineWidth=2)
hold on
grid on
plot(x,f,"r--",Linewidth=2)
xlabel("x")
ylabel("p")
legend("Noncentral F pdf","F pdf")
hold off