use of readtable to read unstructured data

조회 수: 5 (최근 30일)
Marzuki Marzuki
Marzuki Marzuki 2021년 9월 21일
댓글: Mathieu NOE 2021년 9월 22일
I want to read the data in the attached file, using readtbale given below:
fname1='sample.txt';
opt = detectImportOptions(fname1, 'headerlines', 0);
data = readtable(fname1, opt);
However, the result is not correct because there is a shift of data structure (see below)
I plan get following structure:
Is there any best way to do it? thank you for help

채택된 답변

Mathieu NOE
Mathieu NOE 2021년 9월 21일
why not this ? simply using the import tool
you can ignaore the second variable if it's not meaningfull
result :
code :
out = importfile('sample.txt', 1, 16);
function sample = importfile(filename, startRow, endRow)
%IMPORTFILE Import numeric data from a text file as a matrix.
% SAMPLE = IMPORTFILE(FILENAME)
% Reads data from text file FILENAME for the default selection.
%
% SAMPLE = IMPORTFILE(FILENAME, STARTROW, ENDROW)
% Reads data from rows STARTROW through ENDROW of text file FILENAME.
%
% Example:
% sample = importfile('sample.txt', 1, 16);
%
% See also TEXTSCAN.
% Auto-generated by MATLAB on 2021/09/21 18:32:46
%% Initialize variables.
if nargin<=2
startRow = 1;
endRow = inf;
end
%% Read columns of data as text:
% For more information, see the TEXTSCAN documentation.
formatSpec = '%8s%3s%5s%8s%5s%5s%5s%5s%s%[^\n\r]';
%% Open the text file.
fileID = fopen(filename,'r');
%% Read columns of data according to the format.
% This call is based on the structure of the file used to generate this code. If an error occurs for a different file, try regenerating the code from the Import Tool.
dataArray = textscan(fileID, formatSpec, endRow(1)-startRow(1)+1, 'Delimiter', '', 'WhiteSpace', '', 'TextType', 'string', 'HeaderLines', startRow(1)-1, 'ReturnOnError', false, 'EndOfLine', '\r\n');
for block=2:length(startRow)
frewind(fileID);
dataArrayBlock = textscan(fileID, formatSpec, endRow(block)-startRow(block)+1, 'Delimiter', '', 'WhiteSpace', '', 'TextType', 'string', 'HeaderLines', startRow(block)-1, 'ReturnOnError', false, 'EndOfLine', '\r\n');
for col=1:length(dataArray)
dataArray{col} = [dataArray{col};dataArrayBlock{col}];
end
end
%% Close the text file.
fclose(fileID);
%% Convert the contents of columns containing numeric text to numbers.
% Replace non-numeric text with NaN.
raw = repmat({''},length(dataArray{1}),length(dataArray)-1);
for col=1:length(dataArray)-1
raw(1:length(dataArray{col}),col) = mat2cell(dataArray{col}, ones(length(dataArray{col}), 1));
end
numericData = NaN(size(dataArray{1},1),size(dataArray,2));
for col=[3,4,5,6,7,8,9]
% Converts text in the input cell array to numbers. Replaced non-numeric text with NaN.
rawData = dataArray{col};
for row=1:size(rawData, 1)
% Create a regular expression to detect and remove non-numeric prefixes and suffixes.
regexstr = '(?<prefix>.*?)(?<numbers>([-]*(\d+[\,]*)+[\.]{0,1}\d*[eEdD]{0,1}[-+]*\d*[i]{0,1})|([-]*(\d+[\,]*)*[\.]{1,1}\d+[eEdD]{0,1}[-+]*\d*[i]{0,1}))(?<suffix>.*)';
try
result = regexp(rawData(row), regexstr, 'names');
numbers = result.numbers;
% Detected commas in non-thousand locations.
invalidThousandsSeparator = false;
if numbers.contains(',')
thousandsRegExp = '^[-/+]*\d+?(\,\d{3})*\.{0,1}\d*$';
if isempty(regexp(numbers, thousandsRegExp, 'once'))
numbers = NaN;
invalidThousandsSeparator = true;
end
end
% Convert numeric text to numbers.
if ~invalidThousandsSeparator
numbers = textscan(char(strrep(numbers, ',', '')), '%f');
numericData(row, col) = numbers{1};
raw{row, col} = numbers{1};
end
catch
raw{row, col} = rawData{row};
end
end
end
% Convert the contents of columns with dates to MATLAB datetimes using the specified date format.
try
dates{1} = datetime(dataArray{1}, 'Format', 'HH:mm:ss', 'InputFormat', 'HH:mm:ss');
catch
try
% Handle dates surrounded by quotes
dataArray{1} = cellfun(@(x) x(2:end-1), dataArray{1}, 'UniformOutput', false);
dates{1} = datetime(dataArray{1}, 'Format', 'HH:mm:ss', 'InputFormat', 'HH:mm:ss');
catch
dates{1} = repmat(datetime([NaN NaN NaN]), size(dataArray{1}));
end
end
dates = dates(:,1);
%% Split data into numeric and string columns.
rawNumericColumns = raw(:, [3,4,5,6,7,8,9]);
rawStringColumns = string(raw(:, 2));
%% Make sure any text containing <undefined> is properly converted to an <undefined> categorical
idx = (rawStringColumns(:, 1) == "<undefined>");
rawStringColumns(idx, 1) = "";
%% Create output variable
sample = table;
sample.VarName1 = dates{:, 1};
sample.VarName2 = categorical(rawStringColumns(:, 1));
sample.VarName3 = cell2mat(rawNumericColumns(:, 1));
sample.VarName4 = cell2mat(rawNumericColumns(:, 2));
sample.VarName5 = cell2mat(rawNumericColumns(:, 3));
sample.VarName6 = cell2mat(rawNumericColumns(:, 4));
sample.VarName7 = cell2mat(rawNumericColumns(:, 5));
sample.VarName8 = cell2mat(rawNumericColumns(:, 6));
sample.VarName9 = cell2mat(rawNumericColumns(:, 7));
% For code requiring serial dates (datenum) instead of datetime, uncomment the following line(s) below to return the imported dates as datenum(s).
% sample.VarName1=datenum(sample.VarName1);
end
  댓글 수: 2
Marzuki Marzuki
Marzuki Marzuki 2021년 9월 22일
Thank you Mathieu
Mathieu NOE
Mathieu NOE 2021년 9월 22일
my pleasure

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추가 답변 (1개)

Jeremy Hughes
Jeremy Hughes 2021년 9월 21일
편집: Jeremy Hughes 2021년 9월 21일
Based on the file attached, I suggest treating this as a fixed width file.
opts = detectImportOptions("sample.txt","FileType","fixedwidth")
opts =
FixedWidthImportOptions with properties: Format Properties: Whitespace: '\b\t ' LineEnding: {'\n' '\r' '\r\n'} CommentStyle: {} EmptyLineRule: 'skip' Encoding: 'UTF-8' Replacement Properties: MissingRule: 'fill' ImportErrorRule: 'fill' ExtraColumnsRule: 'addvars' PartialFieldRule: 'keep' Variable Import Properties: Set types by name using setvartype VariableNames: {'Var1', 'Var2', 'Var3' ... and 6 more} VariableTypes: {'duration', 'char', 'double' ... and 6 more} VariableWidths: [8 3 5 8 5 5 5 5 4] SelectedVariableNames: {'Var1', 'Var2', 'Var3' ... and 6 more} VariableOptions: Show all 9 VariableOptions Access VariableOptions sub-properties using setvaropts/getvaropts VariableNamingRule: 'modify' Location Properties: DataLines: [1 Inf] VariableNamesLine: 0 RowNamesColumn: 0 VariableUnitsLine: 0 VariableDescriptionsLine: 0 To display a preview of the table, use preview
readtable("sample.txt",opts)
ans = 16×9 table
Var1 Var2 Var3 Var4 Var5 Var6 Var7 Var8 Var9 ________ __________ _____ _____ ________ ____ ____ ____ ____ 14:57:00 {0×0 char} 0 0 {'01**'} 4843 63 60 24 14:58:00 {0×0 char} 0 0 {'01**'} 4843 59 60 24 14:59:00 {0×0 char} 0 0 {'01**'} 4843 61 60 24 15:00:00 {0×0 char} 0 0 {'01**'} 4843 63 60 24 15:01:00 {0×0 char} 0 0 {'01**'} 4843 63 60 24 15:02:00 {0×0 char} 0 0 {'01**'} 4843 56 60 24 15:03:00 {0×0 char} 0 0 {'01**'} 4843 56 60 24 15:04:00 {0×0 char} 0 0 {'01**'} 4843 63 60 24 15:05:00 {0×0 char} 0 0 {'01**'} 4843 67 60 24 15:06:00 {'R-' } 0.246 0.004 {'01**'} 4843 123 61 24 15:07:00 {'R-' } 0.433 0.011 {'01**'} 4845 132 61 24 15:08:00 {'R-' } 0.231 0.015 {'01**'} 4845 104 61 24 15:09:00 {'R-' } 0.168 0.017 {'01**'} 4843 94 61 24 15:10:00 {'R-' } 0.168 0.02 {'01**'} 4843 94 61 24 15:11:00 {'R-' } 0.007 0.02 {'01**'} 4843 76 61 24 15:12:00 {0×0 char} 0 0.02 {'01**'} 4843 76 61 24

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