cwtfreqbounds
CWT maximum and minimum frequency or period
Syntax
Description
[
returns the minimum and maximum wavelet bandpass frequencies in cycles/sample for a
signal of length minfreq
,maxfreq
] = cwtfreqbounds(N
)N
. The minimum and maximum frequencies are
determined for the default Morse (3,60) wavelet. The minimum frequency is determined
so that two time standard deviations of the default wavelet span the
N
-point signal at the coarsest scale. The maximum frequency
is such that the highest frequency wavelet bandpass filter drops to ½ of its peak
magnitude at the Nyquist frequency.
[
returns the bandpass periods for the sampling period maxperiod
,minperiod
] = cwtfreqbounds(N
,Ts
)Ts
.
maxperiod
and minperiod
are scalar
durations with the same format as Ts
. If the number of standard
deviations is set so that log2(maxperiod/minperiod) < 1/NV
where NV
is the number of voices per octave,
maxperiod
is adjusted to minperiod ×
2^(1/NV)
.
[___] = cwtfreqbounds(___,
returns the minimum and maximum wavelet bandpass frequencies or periods with
additional options specified by one or more Name=Value
)Name=Value
arguments. For example, [minf,maxf] =
cwtfreqbounds(1000,TimeBandwidth=30)
sets the time-bandwidth parameter
of the default Morse wavelet to 30.
Examples
Wavelet Bandpass Frequencies Using Default Values
Obtain the minimum and maximum wavelet bandpass frequencies for a signal with 1000 samples using the default values.
[minfreq,maxfreq] = cwtfreqbounds(1000)
minfreq = 0.0033
maxfreq = 0.4341
Construct CWT Filter Bank With Peak Magnitude at Nyquist
Obtain the minimum and maximum wavelet bandpass frequencies for the default Morse wavelet for a signal of length 10,000 and a sampling frequency of 1 kHz. Set the cutoff to 100% so that the highest frequency wavelet bandpass filter peaks at the Nyquist frequency of 500 Hz.
sigLength = 10000; Fs = 1e3; [minfreq,maxfreq] = cwtfreqbounds(sigLength,Fs,cutoff=100);
Construct a CWT filter bank using the values cwtfreqbounds
returns. Obtain the frequency responses of the filter bank.
fb = cwtfilterbank(SignalLength=sigLength,SamplingFrequency=Fs,...
FrequencyLimits=[minfreq maxfreq]);
[psidft,f] = freqz(fb);
Construct a second CWT filter bank identical to the first, but instead use the default frequency limits. Obtain the frequency responses of the second filter bank.
fb2 = cwtfilterbank(SignalLength=sigLength,SamplingFrequency=Fs); [psidft2,~] = freqz(fb2);
For each filter bank, plot the frequency response of the filter with the highest center frequency. Confirm the frequency response from the first filter bank peaks at the Nyquist, and the frequency response from the second filter bank is 50% of the peak magnitude at the Nyquist.
plot(f,psidft(1,:)) hold on plot(f,psidft2(1,:)) hold off title("Frequency Responses") xlabel("Frequency (Hz)") ylabel("Magnitude") legend("First Filter Bank","Second Filter Bank",... Location="NorthWest")
Decay Highest Frequency Wavelet in CWT Filter Bank to Specific Value
Obtain the minimum and maximum frequencies for the bump wavelet for a signal of length 5,000 and a sampling frequency of 10 kHz. Specify a cutoff value of so that the highest frequency wavelet bandpass filter decays to at the Nyquist.
[minf,maxf] = cwtfreqbounds(5e3,1e4,wavelet="bump",cutoff=100*1e-8/2);
Construct the filter bank using the values returned by cwtfreqbounds
. Plot the frequency responses.
fb = cwtfilterbank(SignalLength=5e3,Wavelet="bump",... SamplingFrequency=1e4,FrequencyLimits=[minf maxf]); freqz(fb)
Frequency Range for Strictly Zero and Effectively Zero Cutoff Values
Obtain the minimum and maximum wavelet bandpass frequencies for a signal of length 4096. Specify a cutoff of 0. Display the minimum and maximum bandpass frequencies.
sLength = 4096; co = 0; [minfreq,maxfreq] = cwtfreqbounds(sLength,Cutoff=co)
minfreq = 8.0454e-04
maxfreq = 0.1036
Create a filter bank using the frequency limits. Obtain the two-sided wavelet frequency responses.
fb = cwtfilterbank(SignalLength=sLength, ... FrequencyLimits=[minfreq,maxfreq]); [psif,f] = freqz(fb,FrequencyRange="twosided");
Obtain the minimum and maximum wavelet bandpass frequencies for a signal of length 4096, but this time specify a cutoff of . Create a second filter bank using these new frequencies. Confirm the second frequency range is larger than the first frequency range.
co = 100*(1e-8/2); [minfreq2,maxfreq2] = cwtfreqbounds(sLength,Cutoff=co)
minfreq2 = 8.0454e-04
maxfreq2 = 0.2818
fb2 = cwtfilterbank(SignalLength=sLength, ...
FrequencyLimits=[minfreq2,maxfreq2]);
Obtain the two-sided wavelet frequency responses of the second filter bank.
[psif2,f2] = freqz(fb2,FrequencyRange="twosided");
Plot the frequency responses of the filter banks.
subplot(2,1,1) plot(f,psif) title("Frequency Responses: Zero Cutoff Filter Bank") ylabel("Magnitude") xlabel("Normalized Frequency (cycles/sample)") subplot(2,1,2) plot(f2,psif2) title("Frequency Responses: Nonzero Cutoff Filter Bank") ylabel("Magnitude") xlabel("Normalized Frequency (cycles/sample)")
For the wavelet filter with the highest center frequency in each filter bank, obtain the magnitude of the frequency response at the Nyquist. Observer there is minimal difference between the two values.
fprintf("Zero Cutoff Filter Bank: %g", ... psif(1,floor(size(psif,2)/2)))
Zero Cutoff Filter Bank: 2.43333e-309
fprintf("Nonzero Cutoff Filter Bank: %g", ... psif2(1,floor(size(psif2,2)/2)))
Nonzero Cutoff Filter Bank: 1.02265e-08
Input Arguments
N
— Signal length
positive integer ≥ 4
Signal length, specified as a positive integer greater than or equal to 4.
Data Types: double
Fs
— Sampling frequency
positive scalar
Sampling frequency in hertz, specified as a positive scalar.
Example: [minf,maxf] =
cwtfreqbounds(2048,100)
Data Types: double
Ts
— Sampling period
scalar duration
Sampling period, specified as a positive scalar duration
.
Example: [minp,maxp] =
cwtfreqbounds(2048,seconds(2))
Data Types: duration
Name-Value Arguments
Specify optional pairs of arguments as
Name1=Value1,...,NameN=ValueN
, where Name
is
the argument name and Value
is the corresponding value.
Name-value arguments must appear after other arguments, but the order of the
pairs does not matter.
Example: [minf,maxf] =
cwtfreqbounds(1000,Wavelet="bump",VoicesPerOctave=10)
returns the
minimum and maximum bandpass frequencies using the bump wavelet and 10 voices per
octave for a signal with 1000 samples.
Before R2021a, use commas to separate each name and value, and enclose
Name
in quotes.
Example: [minf,maxf] =
cwtfreqbounds(1000,"Wavelet","bump","VoicesPerOctave",10)
Wavelet
— Analysis wavelet
"Morse"
(default) | "amor"
| "bump"
Analysis wavelet used to determine the minimum and maximum frequencies
or periods, specified as "Morse"
,
"amor"
, or "bump"
. These
strings specify the analytic Morse, Morlet, and bump wavelet,
respectively. The default wavelet is the analytic Morse (3,60)
wavelet.
For Morse wavelets, you can also parametrize the wavelet using the
TimeBandwidth
or
WaveletParameters
name-value arguments.
Example: [minp,maxp] =
cwtfreqbound(2048,seconds(1),Wavelet="bump")
Cutoff
— Percentage of the peak magnitude
50
for the Morse wavelet,
10
for the analytic Morlet and bump
wavelets (default) | scalar between 0 and 100
Percentage of the peak magnitude at the Nyquist, specified as a scalar
between 0 and 100. Setting Cutoff
to
0
indicates that the wavelet frequency response
decays to 0 at the Nyquist. Setting Cutoff
to
100
indicates that the value of the wavelet
bandpass filters peaks at the Nyquist.
For cwtfilterbank
, the analytic wavelets filters
peak at a value of 2. As a result, you can ensure the highest frequency
wavelet decays to a value of α at the Nyquist frequency by setting
Cutoff
to 100 × α/2. In that case, you must have 0 ≤ α ≤ 2.
Note
Unless your application requires a strict cutoff value of 0,
consider setting Cutoff
to a small nonzero
value, for example, on the order of 10-8. By specifying a small value, you can increase
the frequency range
[
and still obtain a wavelet frequency response that effectively
decays to 0 at the Nyquist. See Frequency Range for Strictly Zero and Effectively Zero Cutoff Values.minfreq
,maxfreq
]
Data Types: double
StandardDeviations
— Number of time standard deviations
2
(default) | positive integer ≥ 2
Number of time standard deviations used to determine the minimum
frequency (longest scale), specified as a positive integer greater than
or equal to 2. For the Morse, analytic Morlet, and bump wavelets, four
standard deviations generally ensures that the wavelet decays to zero at
the ends of the signal support. Incrementing
StandardDeviations
by multiples of 4, for example
4*M, ensures that M whole
wavelets fit within the signal length. If the number of standard
deviations is set so that log2(minfreq/maxfreq) >
-1/NV
, where NV
is the number of voices
per octave, minfreq
is adjusted to maxfreq
× 2^(-1/NV)
.
Data Types: double
TimeBandwidth
— Time-bandwidth for the Morse wavelet
60
(default) | scalar greater than 3 and less than or equal to 120
Time-bandwidth for the Morse wavelet, specified as a positive scalar.
The symmetry (gamma) of the Morse wavelet is assumed to be 3. The larger
the time-bandwidth parameter, the more spread out the wavelet is in time
and narrower the wavelet is in frequency. The standard deviation of the
Morse wavelet in time is approximately
sqrt(TimeBandwidth/2)
. The standard deviation in
frequency is approximately
1/2*sqrt(2/TimeBandwidth)
.
If you specify TimeBandwidth
, you cannot specify
WaveletParameters
.
Data Types: double
WaveletParameters
— Morse wavelet parameters
[3,60]
(default) | two-element vector of scalars
Morse wavelet parameters, specified as a two-element vector. The first element is the symmetry parameter (gamma), which must be greater than or equal to 1. The second element is the time-bandwidth parameter, which must be greater than or equal to gamma. The ratio of the time-bandwidth parameter to gamma cannot exceed 40.
When gamma is equal to 3, the Morse wavelet is perfectly symmetric in the frequency domain. The skewness is equal to 0. Values of gamma greater than 3 result in positive skewness, while values of gamma less than 3 result in negative skewness.
If you specify WaveletParameters
, you cannot
specify TimeBandwidth
.
Data Types: double
VoicesPerOctave
— Number of voices per octave
10
(default) | integer between 1 and 48
Number of voices per octave to use in determining the necessary separation between the minimum and maximum scales, specified as an integer between 1 and 48. The minimum and maximum scales are equivalent to the minimum and maximum frequencies or maximum and minimum periods, respectively.
Data Types: double
Output Arguments
minfreq
— Minimum wavelet bandpass frequency
scalar
Minimum wavelet bandpass frequency, returned as a scalar.
minfreq
is in cycles/sample if
SamplingFrequency
is not specified. Otherwise,
minfreq
is in hertz.
Data Types: double
maxfreq
— Maximum wavelet bandpass frequency
scalar
Maximum wavelet bandpass frequency, returned as a scalar.
maxfreq
is in cycles/sample if
SamplingFrequency
is not specified. Otherwise,
maxfreq
is in hertz.
Data Types: double
maxperiod
— Maximum wavelet bandpass period
scalar duration
Maximum wavelet bandpass period, returned as a scalar duration with the
same format as Ts
.
If the number of standard deviations is set so that
log2(maxperiod/minperiod) < 1/NV
, where
NV
is the number of voices per octave,
maxperiod
is adjusted to minperiod ×
2^(1/NV)
.
Data Types: duration
minperiod
— Minimum wavelet bandpass period
scalar duration
Minimum wavelet bandpass period, returned as a scalar duration with the
same format as Ts
.
If the number of standard deviations is set so that
log2(maxperiod/minperiod) < 1/NV
, where
NV
is the number of voices per octave,
maxperiod
is adjusted to minperiod ×
2^(1/NV)
Data Types: duration
Extended Capabilities
C/C++ Code Generation
Generate C and C++ code using MATLAB® Coder™.
Usage notes and limitations:
The sampling period (
Ts
) input argument is not supported.
Version History
Introduced in R2018a
See Also
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