Problem 46973. How many bytes an audio requires from RAM?

Created by Rafael S.T. Vieira

Solve Later

{"parts":[{"partUri":"/matlab/document.xml","contentType":"application/vnd.mathworks.matlab.code.document+xml","content":"<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?><w:document xmlns:w=\"http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/wordprocessingml/2006/main\"><w:body><w:p><w:pPr><w:pStyle w:val=\"text\"/><w:jc w:val=\"left\"/></w:pPr><w:r><w:t>Audio files, as many other files are stored compressed in our computers: MP3, OGG, or M4A, are all different types of compressed audio files. Audio must be first decompressed to its total size before it can be played: hearing compressed audio is utterly incomprehensible to humans. Your task is to compute its full length.</w:t></w:r></w:p><w:p><w:pPr><w:pStyle w:val=\"text\"/><w:jc w:val=\"left\"/></w:pPr><w:r><w:t>We may calculate an audio size in bits with the following formula: </w:t></w:r><w:customXml w:element=\"equation\"><w:customXmlPr><w:attr w:name=\"displayStyle\" w:val=\"false\"/></w:customXmlPr><w:r><w:t>y = t*s*c*\\delta</w:t></w:r></w:customXml><w:r><w:t>, in which </w:t></w:r><w:customXml w:element=\"equation\"><w:customXmlPr><w:attr w:name=\"displayStyle\" w:val=\"false\"/></w:customXmlPr><w:r><w:t>t</w:t></w:r></w:customXml><w:r><w:t> is its duration in minutes/seconds, </w:t></w:r><w:customXml w:element=\"equation\"><w:customXmlPr><w:attr w:name=\"displayStyle\" w:val=\"false\"/></w:customXmlPr><w:r><w:t>s</w:t></w:r></w:customXml><w:r><w:t> is its sample rate in hertz (Hz), </w:t></w:r><w:customXml w:element=\"equation\"><w:customXmlPr><w:attr w:name=\"displayStyle\" w:val=\"false\"/></w:customXmlPr><w:r><w:t>c</w:t></w:r></w:customXml><w:r><w:t> is its number of channels, and </w:t></w:r><w:customXml w:element=\"equation\"><w:customXmlPr><w:attr w:name=\"displayStyle\" w:val=\"false\"/></w:customXmlPr><w:r><w:t>\\delta</w:t></w:r></w:customXml><w:r><w:t> is its bit depth, the number of bits used to store audio intensity. Usually, an audio file's duration is easily obtained from any software, but the other parameters are not always available. Sometimes the bitrate is presented instead, which is defined as </w:t></w:r><w:customXml w:element=\"equation\"><w:customXmlPr><w:attr w:name=\"displayStyle\" w:val=\"false\"/></w:customXmlPr><w:r><w:t>b = s*c*\\delta</w:t></w:r></w:customXml><w:r><w:t> and is given as kbps </w:t></w:r><w:r><w:rPr><w:b/></w:rPr><w:t>(kilobits per second)</w:t></w:r><w:r><w:t>. Bit rate is used as a measure of quality for digital streamming:</w:t></w:r></w:p><w:p><w:pPr><w:pStyle w:val=\"code\"/></w:pPr><w:r><w:t><![CDATA[Digital Walkie-talkies have a bitrate of 16kbps.\nOn-line AM radio has a bitrate of 32kbps.\nOn-line FM radio has a bitrate of 96kbps.\nCD audio has a bitrate of 1,411 kbps.\nHD audio may have a bitrate up to 9,216 kbps. (over 24 bit-depth, and 44 kHz sample rate)]]></w:t></w:r></w:p><w:p><w:pPr><w:pStyle w:val=\"text\"/><w:jc w:val=\"left\"/></w:pPr><w:r><w:rPr><w:b/></w:rPr><w:t>Compute how many bytes an image requires from RAM, given its duration (d) and bitrate (b) or sample rate (s), number of channels (c) and  bit depth </w:t></w:r><w:customXml w:element=\"equation\"><w:customXmlPr><w:attr w:name=\"displayStyle\" w:val=\"false\"/></w:customXmlPr><w:r><w:t>\\delta</w:t></w:r></w:customXml><w:r><w:rPr><w:b/></w:rPr><w:t>. </w:t></w:r><w:r><w:t>Moreover, make the results more human-readable by showing them with units: bytes (</w:t></w:r><w:customXml w:element=\"equation\"><w:customXmlPr><w:attr w:name=\"displayStyle\" w:val=\"false\"/></w:customXmlPr><w:r><w:t>2^{0}</w:t></w:r></w:customXml><w:r><w:t>), KB (</w:t></w:r><w:customXml w:element=\"equation\"><w:customXmlPr><w:attr w:name=\"displayStyle\" w:val=\"false\"/></w:customXmlPr><w:r><w:t>2^{10}</w:t></w:r></w:customXml><w:r><w:t>), MB (</w:t></w:r><w:customXml w:element=\"equation\"><w:customXmlPr><w:attr w:name=\"displayStyle\" w:val=\"false\"/></w:customXmlPr><w:r><w:t>2^{20}</w:t></w:r></w:customXml><w:r><w:t>), GB (</w:t></w:r><w:customXml w:element=\"equation\"><w:customXmlPr><w:attr w:name=\"displayStyle\" w:val=\"false\"/></w:customXmlPr><w:r><w:t>2^{30}</w:t></w:r></w:customXml><w:r><w:t>) rounded to 2 decimal places. There must be at least a non-zero integer value to display it in some units, you should always use the greatest unit possible, and data cannot be stored in less than 1 byte (8 bits).</w:t></w:r></w:p><w:p><w:pPr><w:pStyle w:val=\"text\"/><w:jc w:val=\"left\"/></w:pPr><w:r><w:rPr><w:b/></w:rPr><w:t></w:t></w:r></w:p><w:p><w:pPr><w:pStyle w:val=\"text\"/><w:jc w:val=\"left\"/></w:pPr><w:r><w:rPr><w:b/></w:rPr><w:t>Note-1</w:t></w:r><w:r><w:t>: The range of </w:t></w:r><w:hyperlink w:docLocation=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hearing_range\"><w:r><w:t>human hearing</w:t></w:r></w:hyperlink><w:r><w:t> is 20 to 20,000 Hz, and unsurprisingly, audio sampling rate is usally greater than 40,000 Hz (</w:t></w:r><w:hyperlink w:docLocation=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyquist_rate\"><w:r><w:t>Nyquist rate</w:t></w:r></w:hyperlink><w:r><w:t>).</w:t></w:r></w:p><w:p><w:pPr><w:pStyle w:val=\"text\"/><w:jc w:val=\"left\"/></w:pPr><w:r><w:rPr><w:b/></w:rPr><w:t>Note-2</w:t></w:r><w:r><w:t>: Audio files do not need to be necessarily wholly loaded into the RAM; they only require that a certain amount of bytes per second be always available in it (their bitrate). However, loading full audio files into RAM for playing is the best option to guarantee a smooth sound (without lag). </w:t></w:r></w:p><w:p><w:pPr><w:pStyle w:val=\"text\"/><w:jc w:val=\"left\"/></w:pPr><w:r><w:t></w:t></w:r></w:p><w:p><w:pPr><w:pStyle w:val=\"text\"/><w:jc w:val=\"left\"/></w:pPr><w:r><w:rPr><w:b/><w:i/></w:rPr><w:t>Next:</w:t></w:r></w:p><w:p><w:pPr><w:pStyle w:val=\"text\"/><w:jc w:val=\"left\"/></w:pPr><w:hyperlink w:docLocation=\"https://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/cody/problems/46913-how-many-bytes-an-image-requires-from-ram\"><w:r><w:t>How many bytes an image requires from RAM? (Problem 46913)</w:t></w:r></w:hyperlink></w:p><w:p><w:pPr><w:pStyle w:val=\"text\"/><w:jc w:val=\"left\"/></w:pPr><w:r><w:rPr><w:i/></w:rPr><w:t>How many bytes a video requires from RAM?</w:t></w:r></w:p></w:body></w:document>","relationship":null}],"relationships":[{"relationshipType":"http://schemas.mathworks.com/matlab/code/2013/relationships/document","target":"/matlab/document.xml","relationshipId":"rId1"}]}

<div style = "text-align: start; line-height: 20.44px; min-height: 0px; white-space: normal; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-style: normal; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none solid rgb(0, 0, 0); white-space: normal; "><div style="block-size: 670.4px; display: block; min-width: 0px; padding-block-start: 0px; padding-top: 0px; perspective-origin: 407px 335.2px; transform-origin: 407px 335.2px; vertical-align: baseline; "><div style="block-size: 62.4px; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21px; margin-block-end: 9px; margin-block-start: 2px; margin-bottom: 9px; margin-inline-end: 10px; margin-inline-start: 4px; margin-left: 4px; margin-right: 10px; margin-top: 2px; perspective-origin: 384px 31.2px; text-align: left; transform-origin: 384px 31.2px; white-space: pre-wrap; margin-left: 4px; margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 9px; margin-right: 10px; "><span style="block-size: auto; display: inline; margin-block-end: 0px; margin-block-start: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-inline-end: 0px; margin-inline-start: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; perspective-origin: 0px 0px; transform-origin: 0px 0px; "><span style="">Audio files, as many other files are stored compressed in our computers: MP3, OGG, or M4A, are all different types of compressed audio files. Audio must be first decompressed to its total size before it can be played: hearing compressed audio is utterly incomprehensible to humans. Your task is to compute its full length.</span></span></div><div style="block-size: 104px; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21px; margin-block-end: 9px; margin-block-start: 2px; margin-bottom: 9px; margin-inline-end: 10px; margin-inline-start: 4px; margin-left: 4px; margin-right: 10px; margin-top: 2px; perspective-origin: 384px 52px; text-align: left; transform-origin: 384px 52px; white-space: pre-wrap; margin-left: 4px; margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 9px; margin-right: 10px; "><span style="block-size: auto; display: inline; margin-block-end: 0px; margin-block-start: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-inline-end: 0px; margin-inline-start: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; perspective-origin: 0px 0px; transform-origin: 0px 0px; "><span style="">We may calculate an audio size in bits with the following formula: </span></span><span style="vertical-align:-5px"><img src="data:image/png;base64,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" width="97.5" height="17.5" style="width: 97.5px; height: 17.5px;"></span><span style="block-size: auto; display: inline; margin-block-end: 0px; margin-block-start: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-inline-end: 0px; margin-inline-start: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; perspective-origin: 0px 0px; transform-origin: 0px 0px; "><span style="">, in which </span></span><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, STIXGeneral-webfont, serif; font-style: italic; font-weight: 400; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">t</span><span style="block-size: auto; display: inline; margin-block-end: 0px; margin-block-start: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-inline-end: 0px; margin-inline-start: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; perspective-origin: 0px 0px; transform-origin: 0px 0px; "><span style=""> is its duration in minutes/seconds, </span></span><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, STIXGeneral-webfont, serif; font-style: italic; font-weight: 400; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">s</span><span style="block-size: auto; display: inline; margin-block-end: 0px; margin-block-start: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-inline-end: 0px; margin-inline-start: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; perspective-origin: 0px 0px; transform-origin: 0px 0px; "><span style=""> is its sample rate in hertz (Hz), </span></span><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, STIXGeneral-webfont, serif; font-style: italic; font-weight: 400; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">c</span><span style="block-size: auto; display: inline; margin-block-end: 0px; margin-block-start: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-inline-end: 0px; margin-inline-start: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; perspective-origin: 0px 0px; transform-origin: 0px 0px; "><span style=""> is its number of channels, and </span></span><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, STIXGeneral-webfont, serif; font-style: italic; font-weight: 400; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">δ</span><span style="block-size: auto; display: inline; margin-block-end: 0px; margin-block-start: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-inline-end: 0px; margin-inline-start: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; perspective-origin: 0px 0px; transform-origin: 0px 0px; "><span style=""> is its bit depth, the number of bits used to store audio intensity. Usually, an audio file's duration is easily obtained from any software, but the other parameters are not always available. Sometimes the bitrate is presented instead, which is defined as </span></span><span style="vertical-align:-5px"><img src="data:image/png;base64,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" width="78.5" height="17.5" style="width: 78.5px; height: 17.5px;"></span><span style="block-size: auto; display: inline; margin-block-end: 0px; margin-block-start: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-inline-end: 0px; margin-inline-start: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; perspective-origin: 0px 0px; transform-origin: 0px 0px; "><span style=""> and is given as kbps </span></span><span style="block-size: auto; display: inline; margin-block-end: 0px; margin-block-start: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-inline-end: 0px; margin-inline-start: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; perspective-origin: 0px 0px; transform-origin: 0px 0px; "><span style="font-weight: 700; ">(kilobits per second)</span></span><span style="block-size: auto; display: inline; margin-block-end: 0px; margin-block-start: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-inline-end: 0px; margin-inline-start: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; perspective-origin: 0px 0px; transform-origin: 0px 0px; "><span style="">. Bit rate is used as a measure of quality for digital streamming:</span></span></div><div style="background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247); block-size: 100px; border-bottom-left-radius: 4px; border-bottom-right-radius: 4px; border-top-left-radius: 4px; border-top-right-radius: 4px; margin-block-end: 10px; margin-block-start: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-inline-end: 3px; margin-inline-start: 3px; margin-left: 3px; margin-right: 3px; margin-top: 10px; perspective-origin: 404px 50px; transform-origin: 404px 50px; margin-left: 3px; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 3px; "><div style="background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); block-size: 20px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-inline-end-color: rgb(233, 233, 233); border-inline-end-style: solid; border-inline-end-width: 1px; border-inline-start-color: rgb(233, 233, 233); border-inline-start-style: solid; border-inline-start-width: 1px; border-left-color: rgb(233, 233, 233); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(233, 233, 233); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; margin-block-end: 0px; margin-block-start: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-inline-end: 0px; margin-inline-start: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; min-block-size: 18px; min-height: 18px; padding-inline-start: 4px; padding-left: 4px; perspective-origin: 404px 10px; transform-origin: 404px 10px; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="block-size: auto; border-inline-end-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-inline-end-style: none; border-inline-end-width: 0px; border-inline-start-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-inline-start-style: none; border-inline-start-width: 0px; border-left-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 0px; display: inline; margin-inline-end: 45px; margin-right: 45px; min-block-size: 0px; min-height: 0px; padding-inline-start: 0px; padding-left: 0px; perspective-origin: 0px 0px; tab-size: 4; transform-origin: 0px 0px; white-space: pre; margin-right: 45px; "><span style="margin-inline-end: 0px; margin-right: 0px; ">Digital </span><span style="border-block-end-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); border-block-start-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); border-inline-end-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); border-inline-start-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); border-left-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); border-right-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); border-top-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); caret-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); color: rgb(170, 4, 249); column-rule-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); margin-inline-end: 0px; margin-right: 0px; outline-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); text-decoration: none; text-decoration-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); ">Walkie-talkies have a bitrate of 16kbps.</span></span></div><div style="background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); block-size: 20px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-inline-end-color: rgb(233, 233, 233); border-inline-end-style: solid; border-inline-end-width: 1px; border-inline-start-color: rgb(233, 233, 233); border-inline-start-style: solid; border-inline-start-width: 1px; border-left-color: rgb(233, 233, 233); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(233, 233, 233); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; margin-block-end: 0px; margin-block-start: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-inline-end: 0px; margin-inline-start: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; min-block-size: 18px; min-height: 18px; padding-inline-start: 4px; padding-left: 4px; perspective-origin: 404px 10px; transform-origin: 404px 10px; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="block-size: auto; border-inline-end-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-inline-end-style: none; border-inline-end-width: 0px; border-inline-start-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-inline-start-style: none; border-inline-start-width: 0px; border-left-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 0px; display: inline; margin-inline-end: 45px; margin-right: 45px; min-block-size: 0px; min-height: 0px; padding-inline-start: 0px; padding-left: 0px; perspective-origin: 0px 0px; tab-size: 4; transform-origin: 0px 0px; white-space: pre; margin-right: 45px; "><span style="margin-inline-end: 0px; margin-right: 0px; ">On-line AM </span><span style="border-block-end-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); border-block-start-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); border-inline-end-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); border-inline-start-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); border-left-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); border-right-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); border-top-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); caret-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); color: rgb(170, 4, 249); column-rule-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); margin-inline-end: 0px; margin-right: 0px; outline-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); text-decoration: none; text-decoration-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); ">radio has a bitrate of 32kbps.</span></span></div><div style="background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); block-size: 20px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-inline-end-color: rgb(233, 233, 233); border-inline-end-style: solid; border-inline-end-width: 1px; border-inline-start-color: rgb(233, 233, 233); border-inline-start-style: solid; border-inline-start-width: 1px; border-left-color: rgb(233, 233, 233); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(233, 233, 233); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; margin-block-end: 0px; margin-block-start: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-inline-end: 0px; margin-inline-start: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; min-block-size: 18px; min-height: 18px; padding-inline-start: 4px; padding-left: 4px; perspective-origin: 404px 10px; transform-origin: 404px 10px; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="block-size: auto; border-inline-end-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-inline-end-style: none; border-inline-end-width: 0px; border-inline-start-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-inline-start-style: none; border-inline-start-width: 0px; border-left-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 0px; display: inline; margin-inline-end: 45px; margin-right: 45px; min-block-size: 0px; min-height: 0px; padding-inline-start: 0px; padding-left: 0px; perspective-origin: 0px 0px; tab-size: 4; transform-origin: 0px 0px; white-space: pre; margin-right: 45px; "><span style="margin-inline-end: 0px; margin-right: 0px; ">On-line FM </span><span style="border-block-end-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); border-block-start-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); border-inline-end-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); border-inline-start-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); border-left-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); border-right-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); border-top-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); caret-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); color: rgb(170, 4, 249); column-rule-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); margin-inline-end: 0px; margin-right: 0px; outline-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); text-decoration: none; text-decoration-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); ">radio has a bitrate of 96kbps.</span></span></div><div style="background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); block-size: 20px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-inline-end-color: rgb(233, 233, 233); border-inline-end-style: solid; border-inline-end-width: 1px; border-inline-start-color: rgb(233, 233, 233); border-inline-start-style: solid; border-inline-start-width: 1px; border-left-color: rgb(233, 233, 233); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(233, 233, 233); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; margin-block-end: 0px; margin-block-start: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-inline-end: 0px; margin-inline-start: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; min-block-size: 18px; min-height: 18px; padding-inline-start: 4px; padding-left: 4px; perspective-origin: 404px 10px; transform-origin: 404px 10px; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="block-size: auto; border-inline-end-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-inline-end-style: none; border-inline-end-width: 0px; border-inline-start-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-inline-start-style: none; border-inline-start-width: 0px; border-left-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 0px; display: inline; margin-inline-end: 45px; margin-right: 45px; min-block-size: 0px; min-height: 0px; padding-inline-start: 0px; padding-left: 0px; perspective-origin: 0px 0px; tab-size: 4; transform-origin: 0px 0px; white-space: pre; margin-right: 45px; "><span style="margin-inline-end: 0px; margin-right: 0px; ">CD </span><span style="border-block-end-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); border-block-start-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); border-inline-end-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); border-inline-start-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); border-left-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); border-right-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); border-top-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); caret-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); color: rgb(170, 4, 249); column-rule-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); margin-inline-end: 0px; margin-right: 0px; outline-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); text-decoration: none; text-decoration-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); ">audio has a bitrate of 1</span><span style="margin-inline-end: 0px; margin-right: 0px; ">,411 kbps.</span></span></div><div style="background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); block-size: 20px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-inline-end-color: rgb(233, 233, 233); border-inline-end-style: solid; border-inline-end-width: 1px; border-inline-start-color: rgb(233, 233, 233); border-inline-start-style: solid; border-inline-start-width: 1px; border-left-color: rgb(233, 233, 233); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(233, 233, 233); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; margin-block-end: 0px; margin-block-start: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-inline-end: 0px; margin-inline-start: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; min-block-size: 18px; min-height: 18px; padding-inline-start: 4px; padding-left: 4px; perspective-origin: 404px 10px; transform-origin: 404px 10px; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="block-size: auto; border-inline-end-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-inline-end-style: none; border-inline-end-width: 0px; border-inline-start-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-inline-start-style: none; border-inline-start-width: 0px; border-left-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 0px; display: inline; margin-inline-end: 45px; margin-right: 45px; min-block-size: 0px; min-height: 0px; padding-inline-start: 0px; padding-left: 0px; perspective-origin: 0px 0px; tab-size: 4; transform-origin: 0px 0px; white-space: pre; margin-right: 45px; "><span style="margin-inline-end: 0px; margin-right: 0px; ">HD </span><span style="border-block-end-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); border-block-start-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); border-inline-end-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); border-inline-start-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); border-left-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); border-right-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); border-top-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); caret-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); color: rgb(170, 4, 249); column-rule-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); margin-inline-end: 0px; margin-right: 0px; outline-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); text-decoration: none; text-decoration-color: rgb(170, 4, 249); ">audio may have a bitrate up to 9</span><span style="margin-inline-end: 0px; margin-right: 0px; ">,216 kbps. (over 24 bit-depth, and 44 kHz sample rate)</span></span></div></div><div style="block-size: 104px; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21px; margin-block-end: 9px; margin-block-start: 10px; margin-bottom: 9px; margin-inline-end: 10px; margin-inline-start: 4px; margin-left: 4px; margin-right: 10px; margin-top: 10px; perspective-origin: 384px 52px; text-align: left; transform-origin: 384px 52px; white-space: pre-wrap; margin-left: 4px; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 9px; margin-right: 10px; "><span style="block-size: auto; display: inline; margin-block-end: 0px; margin-block-start: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-inline-end: 0px; margin-inline-start: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; perspective-origin: 0px 0px; transform-origin: 0px 0px; "><span style="font-weight: 700; ">Compute how many bytes an image requires from RAM, given its duration (d) and bitrate (b) or sample rate (s), number of channels (c) and  bit depth </span></span><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, STIXGeneral-webfont, serif; font-style: italic; font-weight: 400; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">δ</span><span style="block-size: auto; display: inline; margin-block-end: 0px; margin-block-start: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-inline-end: 0px; margin-inline-start: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; perspective-origin: 0px 0px; transform-origin: 0px 0px; "><span style="font-weight: 700; ">. </span></span><span style="block-size: auto; display: inline; margin-block-end: 0px; margin-block-start: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-inline-end: 0px; margin-inline-start: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; perspective-origin: 0px 0px; transform-origin: 0px 0px; "><span style="">Moreover, make the results more human-readable by showing them with units: bytes (</span></span><span style="vertical-align:-5px"><img src="data:image/png;base64,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" width="15.5" height="18.5" style="width: 15.5px; height: 18.5px;"></span><span style="block-size: auto; display: inline; margin-block-end: 0px; margin-block-start: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-inline-end: 0px; margin-inline-start: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; perspective-origin: 0px 0px; transform-origin: 0px 0px; "><span style="">), KB (</span></span><span style="vertical-align:-5px"><img src="data:image/png;base64,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" width="20.5" height="18.5" style="width: 20.5px; height: 18.5px;"></span><span style="block-size: auto; display: inline; margin-block-end: 0px; margin-block-start: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-inline-end: 0px; margin-inline-start: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; perspective-origin: 0px 0px; transform-origin: 0px 0px; "><span style="">), MB (</span></span><span style="vertical-align:-5px"><img src="data:image/png;base64,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" width="20.5" height="18.5" style="width: 20.5px; height: 18.5px;"></span><span style="block-size: auto; display: inline; margin-block-end: 0px; margin-block-start: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-inline-end: 0px; margin-inline-start: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; perspective-origin: 0px 0px; transform-origin: 0px 0px; "><span style="">), GB (</span></span><span style="vertical-align:-5px"><img src="data:image/png;base64,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" width="20.5" height="18.5" style="width: 20.5px; height: 18.5px;"></span><span style="block-size: auto; display: inline; margin-block-end: 0px; margin-block-start: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-inline-end: 0px; margin-inline-start: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; perspective-origin: 0px 0px; transform-origin: 0px 0px; "><span style="">) rounded to 2 decimal places. There must be at least a non-zero integer value to display it in some units, you should always use the greatest unit possible, and data cannot be stored in less than 1 byte (8 bits).</span></span></div><div style="block-size: 20.8px; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21px; margin-block-end: 9px; margin-block-start: 2px; margin-bottom: 9px; margin-inline-end: 10px; margin-inline-start: 4px; margin-left: 4px; margin-right: 10px; margin-top: 2px; perspective-origin: 384px 10.4px; text-align: left; transform-origin: 384px 10.4px; white-space: pre-wrap; margin-left: 4px; margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 9px; margin-right: 10px; "><span style="block-size: auto; display: inline; margin-block-end: 0px; margin-block-start: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-inline-end: 0px; margin-inline-start: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; perspective-origin: 0px 0px; transform-origin: 0px 0px; "><span style="font-weight: 700; "></span></span></div><div style="block-size: 41.6px; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21px; margin-block-end: 9px; margin-block-start: 2px; margin-bottom: 9px; margin-inline-end: 10px; margin-inline-start: 4px; margin-left: 4px; margin-right: 10px; margin-top: 2px; perspective-origin: 384px 20.8px; text-align: left; transform-origin: 384px 20.8px; white-space: pre-wrap; margin-left: 4px; margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 9px; margin-right: 10px; "><span style="block-size: auto; display: inline; margin-block-end: 0px; margin-block-start: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-inline-end: 0px; margin-inline-start: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; perspective-origin: 0px 0px; transform-origin: 0px 0px; "><span style="font-weight: 700; ">Note-1</span></span><span style="block-size: auto; display: inline; margin-block-end: 0px; margin-block-start: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-inline-end: 0px; margin-inline-start: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; perspective-origin: 0px 0px; transform-origin: 0px 0px; "><span style="">: The range of </span></span><a target='_blank' href = "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hearing_range"><span style=""><span style="">human hearing</span></span></a><span style="block-size: auto; display: inline; margin-block-end: 0px; margin-block-start: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-inline-end: 0px; margin-inline-start: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; perspective-origin: 0px 0px; transform-origin: 0px 0px; "><span style=""> is 20 to 20,000 Hz, and unsurprisingly, audio sampling rate is usally greater than 40,000 Hz (</span></span><a target='_blank' href = "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyquist_rate"><span style=""><span style="">Nyquist rate</span></span></a><span style="block-size: auto; display: inline; margin-block-end: 0px; margin-block-start: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-inline-end: 0px; margin-inline-start: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; perspective-origin: 0px 0px; transform-origin: 0px 0px; "><span style="">).</span></span></div><div style="block-size: 62.4px; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21px; margin-block-end: 9px; margin-block-start: 2px; margin-bottom: 9px; margin-inline-end: 10px; margin-inline-start: 4px; margin-left: 4px; margin-right: 10px; margin-top: 2px; perspective-origin: 384px 31.2px; text-align: left; transform-origin: 384px 31.2px; white-space: pre-wrap; margin-left: 4px; margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 9px; margin-right: 10px; "><span style="block-size: auto; display: inline; margin-block-end: 0px; margin-block-start: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-inline-end: 0px; margin-inline-start: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; perspective-origin: 0px 0px; transform-origin: 0px 0px; "><span style="font-weight: 700; ">Note-2</span></span><span style="block-size: auto; display: inline; margin-block-end: 0px; margin-block-start: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-inline-end: 0px; margin-inline-start: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; perspective-origin: 0px 0px; transform-origin: 0px 0px; "><span style="">: Audio files do not need to be necessarily wholly loaded into the RAM; they only require that a certain amount of bytes per second be always available in it (their bitrate). However, loading full audio files into RAM for playing is the best option to guarantee a smooth sound (without lag). </span></span></div><div style="block-size: 20.8px; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21px; margin-block-end: 9px; margin-block-start: 2px; margin-bottom: 9px; margin-inline-end: 10px; margin-inline-start: 4px; margin-left: 4px; margin-right: 10px; margin-top: 2px; perspective-origin: 384px 10.4px; text-align: left; transform-origin: 384px 10.4px; white-space: pre-wrap; margin-left: 4px; margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 9px; margin-right: 10px; "><span style="block-size: auto; display: inline; margin-block-end: 0px; margin-block-start: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-inline-end: 0px; margin-inline-start: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; perspective-origin: 0px 0px; transform-origin: 0px 0px; "><span style=""></span></span></div><div style="block-size: 20.8px; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21px; margin-block-end: 9px; margin-block-start: 2px; margin-bottom: 9px; margin-inline-end: 10px; margin-inline-start: 4px; margin-left: 4px; margin-right: 10px; margin-top: 2px; perspective-origin: 384px 10.4px; text-align: left; transform-origin: 384px 10.4px; white-space: pre-wrap; margin-left: 4px; margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 9px; margin-right: 10px; "><span style="block-size: auto; display: inline; margin-block-end: 0px; margin-block-start: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-inline-end: 0px; margin-inline-start: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; perspective-origin: 0px 0px; transform-origin: 0px 0px; "><span style="font-style: italic; font-weight: 700; ">Next:</span></span></div><div style="block-size: 20.8px; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21px; margin-block-end: 9px; margin-block-start: 2px; margin-bottom: 9px; margin-inline-end: 10px; margin-inline-start: 4px; margin-left: 4px; margin-right: 10px; margin-top: 2px; perspective-origin: 384px 10.4px; text-align: left; transform-origin: 384px 10.4px; white-space: pre-wrap; margin-left: 4px; margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 9px; margin-right: 10px; "><a target='_blank' href = "https://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/cody/problems/46913-how-many-bytes-an-image-requires-from-ram"><span style=""><span style="">How many bytes an image requires from RAM? (Problem 46913)</span></span></a></div><div style="block-size: 20.8px; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21px; margin-block-end: 9px; margin-block-start: 2px; margin-bottom: 9px; margin-inline-end: 10px; margin-inline-start: 4px; margin-left: 4px; margin-right: 10px; margin-top: 2px; perspective-origin: 384px 10.4px; text-align: left; transform-origin: 384px 10.4px; white-space: pre-wrap; margin-left: 4px; margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 9px; margin-right: 10px; "><span style="block-size: auto; display: inline; margin-block-end: 0px; margin-block-start: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-inline-end: 0px; margin-inline-start: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; perspective-origin: 0px 0px; transform-origin: 0px 0px; "><span style="font-style: italic; ">How many bytes a video requires from RAM?</span></span></div></div></div>

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Dyuman Joshi on 4 Feb 2022

Witcher, GoW, Doom - You seem to be a gamer, @Rafael!

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Problem 46973. How many bytes an audio requires from RAM?

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