NR PDSCH 처리량

스크립트 열기

이 참조 시뮬레이션에서는 3GPP NR 표준에서 정의한 대로 5G NR(New Radio) 링크의 PDSCH(physical downlink shared channel) 처리량을 측정하는 방법을 보여줍니다. 이 예제는 PDSCH와 DL-SCH(downlink shared channel)를 구현합니다. 송신기 모델은 PDSCH DM-RS(복조 기준 신호)와 PDSCH PT-RS(위상 추적 기준 신호)를 포함합니다. 이 예제는 CDL(클러스터 지연선) 및 TDL(탭 지연선) 전파 채널을 모두 지원합니다. 완벽한 또는 실질적인 동기화와 채널 추정을 수행할 수 있습니다. 총 시뮬레이션 시간을 줄이려면, Parallel Computing Toolbox™를 사용하여 SNR 루프의 SNR 점들을 병렬로 실행할 수 있습니다.

소개

이 예제에서는 3GPP NR 표준 [1], [2], [3], [4]에서 정의한 대로 5G 링크의 PDSCH 처리량을 측정합니다.

이 예제는 다음과 같은 5G NR 기능을 모델링합니다.

DL-SCH 전송 채널 코딩
다중 코드워드(계층 개수에 따라 달라짐)
PDSCH, PDSCH DM-RS, PDSCH PT-RS 생성
가변 부반송파 간격과 프레임 뉴머롤로지(2^n * 15kHz)
일반 순환 전치와 확장 순환 전치
TDL 전파 채널 모델과 CDL 전파 채널 모델

시뮬레이션의 기타 기능은 다음과 같습니다.

SVD를 사용한 PDSCH 서브대역 프리코딩
CP-OFDM 변조
PDSCH와 DM-RS 매핑(슬롯별인 경우 및 슬롯별이 아닌 경우)
완벽한 또는 실질적인 동기화와 채널 추정
16개 프로세스를 사용한 HARQ 작업
이 예제는 전체 반송파에서 단일 부분 대역폭을 사용함

다음 그림은 구현된 처리 체인을 보여줍니다. 명확성을 위해 DM-RS 생성과 PT-RS 생성은 생략됩니다.

이 예제에 구현된 단계에 대한 자세한 설명은 5G NR 통신 링크 모델링하기 항목과 DL-SCH and PDSCH Transmit and Receive Processing Chain 항목을 참조하십시오.

이 예제에서는 광대역 프리코딩과 서브대역 프리코딩을 모두 지원합니다. 할당 내 전체(광대역의 경우) 또는 서브대역 내의 PDSCH PRB에 대해 SVD를 사용한 채널 추정 평균화를 통해 프리코딩 행렬을 결정합니다.

총 시뮬레이션 시간을 줄이려면, Parallel Computing Toolbox를 사용하여 SNR 루프의 SNR 점들을 병렬로 실행할 수 있습니다.

시뮬레이션 길이와 SNR 점

10ms 프레임 수에 대한 시뮬레이션 길이를 설정합니다. 의미 있는 처리량 결과를 산출하려면 큰 수의 NFrames를 사용해야 합니다. 시뮬레이션할 SNR 점을 설정합니다. 각 계층의 SNR은 RE별로 정의되며 모든 안테나에서의 신호와 잡음의 영향을 포함합니다. 이 예제에서 사용하는 SNR 정의에 대한 설명은 SNR Definition Used in Link Simulations 항목을 참조하십시오.

simParameters = struct();       % Clear simParameters variable to contain all key simulation parameters
simParameters.NFrames = 2;      % Number of 10 ms frames
simParameters.SNRIn = [-5 0 5]; % SNR range (dB)

채널 추정기 구성

논리형 변수 PerfectChannelEstimator는 채널 추정과 동기화 동작을 제어합니다. true로 설정되면 완벽한 채널 추정과 동기화가 사용됩니다. 그렇지 않으면, 수신된 PDSCH DM-RS의 값에 따라 실질적인 채널 추정과 동기화가 사용됩니다.

simParameters.PerfectChannelEstimator = true;

시뮬레이션 진단

변수 DisplaySimulationInformation은 각 서브프레임에 사용된 HARQ 프로세스 ID와 같은 시뮬레이션 정보 표시를 제어합니다. CRC 오류의 경우, RV 시퀀스에 대한 인덱스 값도 표시됩니다.

simParameters.DisplaySimulationInformation = true;

DisplayDiagnostics 플래그를 사용해서 계층별 EVM을 플로팅할 수 있습니다. 이 플롯은 이퀄라이제이션 후의 수신 신호의 품질을 모니터링합니다. 계층별 EVM Figure에는 다음 사항이 표시됩니다.

슬롯당 계층별 EVM: 시간에 따른 EVM의 변화를 보여줍니다.
리소스 블록당 계층별 EVM: 주파수에서의 EVM을 보여줍니다.

이 Figure는 시뮬레이션이 진행됨에 따라 변화하며 각 슬롯마다 업데이트됩니다. 일반적으로 SNR이 낮거나 채널 페이딩이 발생하면 신호 품질이 떨어집니다(높은 EVM). 채널은 각 계층에 다르게 영향을 미치므로 계층마다 EVM 값이 다를 수 있습니다.

경우에 따라 일부 계층은 다른 계층보다 훨씬 높은 EVM을 가질 수 있습니다. 이러한 낮은 품질 계층은 CRC 오류를 야기할 수 있습니다. 이 동작은 SNR이 낮거나 채널 조건에 너무 많은 계층을 사용했을 때 발생할 수 있습니다. SNR을 높이거나, 계층 개수를 줄이거나, 안테나 개수를 늘이거나, 더 강인한 송신(더 낮은 변조 방식과 목표 코드율)을 만드는 등의 방법을 함께 써서 이러한 상황을 방지할 수 있습니다.

simParameters.DisplayDiagnostics = false;

반송파 및 PDSCH 구성

시뮬레이션의 주요 파라미터를 설정합니다. 여기에는 다음이 포함됩니다.

리소스 블록의 대역폭(리소스 블록당 12개의 부반송파)
부반송파 간격: 15, 30, 60, 120(kHz)
순환 전치 길이: 일반 또는 확장
셀 ID
송신 안테나와 수신 안테나의 개수

DL-SCH 파라미터와 PDSCH 파라미터를 포함하는 하위 구조도 지정됩니다. 여기에는 다음이 포함됩니다.

목표 코드율
할당된 리소스 블록(PRBSet)
변조 방식: 'QPSK', '16QAM', '64QAM', '256QAM'
계층 개수
PDSCH 매핑 유형
DM-RS 구성 파라미터
PT-RS 구성 파라미터

시뮬레이션 전체에 적용되는 기타 파라미터는 다음과 같습니다.

전파 채널 모델 지연 프로파일(TDL 또는 CDL)

% Set waveform type and PDSCH numerology (SCS and CP type)
simParameters.Carrier = nrCarrierConfig;         % Carrier resource grid configuration
simParameters.Carrier.NSizeGrid = 51;            % Bandwidth in number of resource blocks (51 RBs at 30 kHz SCS for 20 MHz BW)
simParameters.Carrier.SubcarrierSpacing = 30;    % 15, 30, 60, 120 (kHz)
simParameters.Carrier.CyclicPrefix = 'Normal';   % 'Normal' or 'Extended' (Extended CP is relevant for 60 kHz SCS only)
simParameters.Carrier.NCellID = 1;               % Cell identity

% PDSCH/DL-SCH parameters
simParameters.PDSCH = nrPDSCHConfig;      % This PDSCH definition is the basis for all PDSCH transmissions in the BLER simulation
simParameters.PDSCHExtension = struct();  % This structure is to hold additional simulation parameters for the DL-SCH and PDSCH

% Define PDSCH time-frequency resource allocation per slot to be full grid (single full grid BWP)
simParameters.PDSCH.PRBSet = 0:simParameters.Carrier.NSizeGrid-1;                 % PDSCH PRB allocation
simParameters.PDSCH.SymbolAllocation = [0,simParameters.Carrier.SymbolsPerSlot];  % Starting symbol and number of symbols of each PDSCH allocation
simParameters.PDSCH.MappingType = 'A';     % PDSCH mapping type ('A'(slot-wise),'B'(non slot-wise))

% Scrambling identifiers
simParameters.PDSCH.NID = simParameters.Carrier.NCellID;
simParameters.PDSCH.RNTI = 1;

% PDSCH resource block mapping (TS 38.211 Section 7.3.1.6)
simParameters.PDSCH.VRBToPRBInterleaving = 0; % Disable interleaved resource mapping
simParameters.PDSCH.VRBBundleSize = 4;

% Define the number of transmission layers to be used
simParameters.PDSCH.NumLayers = 2;            % Number of PDSCH transmission layers

% Define codeword modulation and target coding rate
% The number of codewords is directly dependent on the number of layers so ensure that
% layers are set first before getting the codeword number
if simParameters.PDSCH.NumCodewords > 1                             % Multicodeword transmission (when number of layers being > 4)
    simParameters.PDSCH.Modulation = {'16QAM','16QAM'};             % 'QPSK', '16QAM', '64QAM', '256QAM'
    simParameters.PDSCHExtension.TargetCodeRate = [490 490]/1024;   % Code rate used to calculate transport block sizes
else
    simParameters.PDSCH.Modulation = '16QAM';                       % 'QPSK', '16QAM', '64QAM', '256QAM'
    simParameters.PDSCHExtension.TargetCodeRate = 490/1024;         % Code rate used to calculate transport block sizes
end

% DM-RS and antenna port configuration (TS 38.211 Section 7.4.1.1)
simParameters.PDSCH.DMRS.DMRSPortSet = 0:simParameters.PDSCH.NumLayers-1; % DM-RS ports to use for the layers
simParameters.PDSCH.DMRS.DMRSTypeAPosition = 2;      % Mapping type A only. First DM-RS symbol position (2,3)
simParameters.PDSCH.DMRS.DMRSLength = 1;             % Number of front-loaded DM-RS symbols (1(single symbol),2(double symbol))
simParameters.PDSCH.DMRS.DMRSAdditionalPosition = 2; % Additional DM-RS symbol positions (max range 0...3)
simParameters.PDSCH.DMRS.DMRSConfigurationType = 2;  % DM-RS configuration type (1,2)
simParameters.PDSCH.DMRS.NumCDMGroupsWithoutData = 1;% Number of CDM groups without data
simParameters.PDSCH.DMRS.NIDNSCID = 1;               % Scrambling identity (0...65535)
simParameters.PDSCH.DMRS.NSCID = 0;                  % Scrambling initialization (0,1)

% PT-RS configuration (TS 38.211 Section 7.4.1.2)
simParameters.PDSCH.EnablePTRS = 0;                  % Enable or disable PT-RS (1 or 0)
simParameters.PDSCH.PTRS.TimeDensity = 1;            % PT-RS time density (L_PT-RS) (1, 2, 4)
simParameters.PDSCH.PTRS.FrequencyDensity = 2;       % PT-RS frequency density (K_PT-RS) (2 or 4)
simParameters.PDSCH.PTRS.REOffset = '00';            % PT-RS resource element offset ('00', '01', '10', '11')
simParameters.PDSCH.PTRS.PTRSPortSet = [];           % PT-RS antenna port, subset of DM-RS port set. Empty corresponds to lower DM-RS port number

% Reserved PRB patterns, if required (for CORESETs, forward compatibility etc)
simParameters.PDSCH.ReservedPRB{1}.SymbolSet = [];   % Reserved PDSCH symbols
simParameters.PDSCH.ReservedPRB{1}.PRBSet = [];      % Reserved PDSCH PRBs
simParameters.PDSCH.ReservedPRB{1}.Period = [];      % Periodicity of reserved resources

% Additional simulation and DL-SCH related parameters
%
% PDSCH PRB bundling (TS 38.214 Section 5.1.2.3)
simParameters.PDSCHExtension.PRGBundleSize = [];     % 2, 4, or [] to signify "wideband"
%
% HARQ process and rate matching/TBS parameters
simParameters.PDSCHExtension.XOverhead = 6*simParameters.PDSCH.EnablePTRS; % Set PDSCH rate matching overhead for TBS (Xoh) to 6 when PT-RS is enabled, otherwise 0
simParameters.PDSCHExtension.NHARQProcesses = 16;    % Number of parallel HARQ processes to use
simParameters.PDSCHExtension.EnableHARQ = true;      % Enable retransmissions for each process, using RV sequence [0,2,3,1]

% LDPC decoder parameters
% Available algorithms: 'Belief propagation', 'Layered belief propagation', 'Normalized min-sum', 'Offset min-sum'
simParameters.PDSCHExtension.LDPCDecodingAlgorithm = 'Normalized min-sum';
simParameters.PDSCHExtension.MaximumLDPCIterationCount = 6;

% Define the overall transmission antenna geometry at end-points
% If using a CDL propagation channel then the integer number of antenna elements is
% turned into an antenna panel configured when the channel model object is created
simParameters.NTxAnts = 8;                        % Number of PDSCH transmission antennas (1,2,4,8,16,32,64,128,256,512,1024) >= NumLayers
if simParameters.PDSCH.NumCodewords > 1           % Multi-codeword transmission
    simParameters.NRxAnts = 8;                    % Number of UE receive antennas (even number >= NumLayers)
else
    simParameters.NRxAnts = 2;                    % Number of UE receive antennas (1 or even number >= NumLayers)
end

% Define data type ('single' or 'double') for resource grids and waveforms
simParameters.DataType = 'single';

% Define the general CDL/TDL propagation channel parameters
simParameters.DelayProfile = 'CDL-C';   % Use CDL-C model (Urban macrocell model)
simParameters.DelaySpread = 300e-9;
simParameters.MaximumDopplerShift = 5;

% Cross-check the PDSCH layering against the channel geometry
validateNumLayers(simParameters);

시뮬레이션은 샘플 레이트 같은 기저대역 파형에 대한 다양한 정보의 영향을 받습니다.

waveformInfo = nrOFDMInfo(simParameters.Carrier); % Get information about the baseband waveform after OFDM modulation step

전파 채널 모델 생성

시뮬레이션을 위한 채널 모델 객체를 만듭니다. CDL 채널 모델과 TDL 채널 모델이 모두 지원됩니다[5].

% Constructed the CDL or TDL channel model object
if contains(simParameters.DelayProfile,'CDL','IgnoreCase',true)

    channel = nrCDLChannel; % CDL channel object

    % Turn the number of antennas into antenna panel array layouts. If
    % NTxAnts is not one of (1,2,4,8,16,32,64,128,256,512,1024), its value
    % is rounded up to the nearest value in the set. If NRxAnts is not 1 or
    % even, its value is rounded up to the nearest even number.
    channel = hArrayGeometry(channel,simParameters.NTxAnts,simParameters.NRxAnts);
    simParameters.NTxAnts = prod(channel.TransmitAntennaArray.Size);
    simParameters.NRxAnts = prod(channel.ReceiveAntennaArray.Size);
else
    channel = nrTDLChannel; % TDL channel object

    % Set the channel geometry
    channel.NumTransmitAntennas = simParameters.NTxAnts;
    channel.NumReceiveAntennas = simParameters.NRxAnts;
end

% Assign simulation channel parameters and waveform sample rate to the object
channel.DelayProfile = simParameters.DelayProfile;
channel.DelaySpread = simParameters.DelaySpread;
channel.MaximumDopplerShift = simParameters.MaximumDopplerShift;
channel.SampleRate = waveformInfo.SampleRate;

지연된 샘플의 최대 개수를 채널 다중 경로 성분별로 가져옵니다. 이 값은 가장 큰 지연을 가진 채널 경로와 채널 필터의 구현 지연을 사용하여 계산됩니다. 나중에 채널 필터를 플러시하여 수신된 신호를 얻기 위해 이 값이 필요합니다.

chInfo = info(channel);
maxChDelay = chInfo.MaximumChannelDelay;

처리 루프

각 SNR 점에서의 처리량을 결정하려면 다음 단계를 사용하여 송신 인스턴스별로 PDSCH 데이터를 분석합니다.

현재 HARQ 프로세스 업데이트. 주어진 HARQ 프로세스에 대한 송신 상태를 확인하여 재송신이 필요한지 여부를 결정합니다. 그렇지 않은 경우라면 새 데이터를 생성합니다.
리소스 그리드 생성. nrDLSCH System object를 호출하여 채널 코딩을 수행합니다. 이 객체는 입력 전송 블록에서 동작하며 재송신이 필요할 경우를 대비하여 전송 블록의 내부 복사본을 보관합니다. nrPDSCH 함수를 사용하여 PDSCH에서 코딩된 비트를 변조합니다. 그런 다음, 결과로 생성된 신호에 프리코딩을 적용합니다.
파형 생성. 생성된 그리드에 OFDM 변조를 수행합니다.
잡음 채널 모델링. 파형을 CDL 또는 TDL 페이딩 채널에 통과시킵니다. AWGN을 추가합니다. 이 예제에서 사용하는 SNR 정의에 대한 설명은 SNR Definition Used in Link Simulations 항목을 참조하십시오.
동기화 및 OFDM 복조 수행. 완벽한 동기화의 경우, 채널 임펄스 응답을 복원하여 수신된 파형을 동기화합니다. 실질적인 동기화의 경우, 수신된 파형을 PDSCH DM-RS와 상관시킵니다. 그런 다음 OFDM은 동기화된 신호를 복조합니다.
채널 추정 수행. 완벽한 채널 추정의 경우, 채널 임펄스 응답을 복원하고 OFDM 복조를 수행합니다. 실질적인 채널 추정의 경우, PDSCH DM-RS를 사용합니다.
이퀄라이제이션 및 CPE 보상 수행. MMSE는 추정된 채널을 이퀄라이징합니다. PT-RS 심볼을 사용하여 CPE(공통 위상 오차)를 추정하고, 그런 다음 기준 PT-RS OFDM 심볼의 범위 내에서 각 OFDM 심볼의 오류를 수정합니다.
프리코딩 행렬 계산. SVD(특이값 분해)를 사용하여 다음 송신을 위한 프로코딩 행렬 W를 생성합니다.
PDSCH 디코딩. 수신된 코드워드의 추정값을 구하려면 nrPDSCHDecode 함수를 사용하여 잡음 추정값과 함께 모든 송신 및 수신 안테나 쌍에 대해 복구된 PDSCH 심볼을 복조하고 디스크램블링합니다.
DL-SCH(downlink shared channel) 디코딩 및 블록 CRC 오류로 HARQ 프로세스 업데이트. 디코딩된 소프트 비트로 구성된 벡터를 nrDLSCHDecoder System object에 전달합니다. 이 객체는 코드워드를 디코딩하고 시스템의 처리량을 결정하는 데 사용되는 블록 CRC 오류를 반환합니다.

% Array to store the maximum throughput for all SNR points
maxThroughput = zeros(length(simParameters.SNRIn),1);
% Array to store the simulation throughput for all SNR points
simThroughput = zeros(length(simParameters.SNRIn),1);

% Set up redundancy version (RV) sequence for all HARQ processes
if simParameters.PDSCHExtension.EnableHARQ
    % In the final report of RAN WG1 meeting #91 (R1-1719301), it was
    % observed in R1-1717405 that if performance is the priority, [0 2 3 1]
    % should be used. If self-decodability is the priority, it should be
    % taken into account that the upper limit of the code rate at which
    % each RV is self-decodable is in the following order: 0>3>2>1
    rvSeq = [0 2 3 1];
else
    % HARQ disabled - single transmission with RV=0, no retransmissions
    rvSeq = 0;
end

% Create DL-SCH encoder system object to perform transport channel encoding
encodeDLSCH = nrDLSCH;
encodeDLSCH.MultipleHARQProcesses = true;
encodeDLSCH.TargetCodeRate = simParameters.PDSCHExtension.TargetCodeRate;

% Create DL-SCH decoder system object to perform transport channel decoding
% Use layered belief propagation for LDPC decoding, with half the number of
% iterations as compared to the default for belief propagation decoding
decodeDLSCH = nrDLSCHDecoder;
decodeDLSCH.MultipleHARQProcesses = true;
decodeDLSCH.TargetCodeRate = simParameters.PDSCHExtension.TargetCodeRate;
decodeDLSCH.LDPCDecodingAlgorithm = simParameters.PDSCHExtension.LDPCDecodingAlgorithm;
decodeDLSCH.MaximumLDPCIterationCount = simParameters.PDSCHExtension.MaximumLDPCIterationCount;

for snrIdx = 1:numel(simParameters.SNRIn)      % comment out for parallel computing
% parfor snrIdx = 1:numel(simParameters.SNRIn) % uncomment for parallel computing
% To reduce the total simulation time, you can execute this loop in
% parallel by using the Parallel Computing Toolbox. Comment out the 'for'
% statement and uncomment the 'parfor' statement. If the Parallel Computing
% Toolbox is not installed, 'parfor' defaults to normal 'for' statement.
% Because parfor-loop iterations are executed in parallel in a
% nondeterministic order, the simulation information displayed for each SNR
% point can be intertwined. To switch off simulation information display,
% set the 'displaySimulationInformation' variable above to false

    % Reset the random number generator so that each SNR point will
    % experience the same noise realization
    rng('default');

    % Take full copies of the simulation-level parameter structures so that they are not
    % PCT broadcast variables when using parfor
    simLocal = simParameters;
    waveinfoLocal = waveformInfo;

    % Take copies of channel-level parameters to simplify subsequent parameter referencing
    carrier = simLocal.Carrier;
    pdsch = simLocal.PDSCH;
    pdschextra = simLocal.PDSCHExtension;
    decodeDLSCHLocal = decodeDLSCH;  % Copy of the decoder handle to help PCT classification of variable
    decodeDLSCHLocal.reset();        % Reset decoder at the start of each SNR point
    pathFilters = [];

    % Prepare simulation for new SNR point
    SNRdB = simLocal.SNRIn(snrIdx);
    fprintf('\nSimulating transmission scheme 1 (%dx%d) and SCS=%dkHz with %s channel at %gdB SNR for %d 10ms frame(s)\n', ...
        simLocal.NTxAnts,simLocal.NRxAnts,carrier.SubcarrierSpacing, ...
        simLocal.DelayProfile,SNRdB,simLocal.NFrames);

    % Specify the fixed order in which we cycle through the HARQ process IDs
    harqSequence = 0:pdschextra.NHARQProcesses-1;

    % Initialize the state of all HARQ processes
    harqEntity = HARQEntity(harqSequence,rvSeq,pdsch.NumCodewords);

    % Reset the channel so that each SNR point will experience the same
    % channel realization
    reset(channel);

    % Total number of slots in the simulation period
    NSlots = simLocal.NFrames * carrier.SlotsPerFrame;

    % Obtain a precoding matrix (wtx) to be used in the transmission of the
    % first transport block
    estChannelGridAnts = getInitialChannelEstimate(carrier,simLocal.NTxAnts,channel,simLocal.DataType);
    newWtx = hSVDPrecoders(carrier,pdsch,estChannelGridAnts,pdschextra.PRGBundleSize);

    % Timing offset, updated in every slot for perfect synchronization and
    % when the correlation is strong for practical synchronization
    offset = 0;

    % Loop over the entire waveform length
    for nslot = 0:NSlots-1

        % Update the carrier slot numbers for new slot
        carrier.NSlot = nslot;

        % Calculate the transport block sizes for the transmission in the slot
        [pdschIndices,pdschIndicesInfo] = nrPDSCHIndices(carrier,pdsch);
        trBlkSizes = nrTBS(pdsch.Modulation,pdsch.NumLayers,numel(pdsch.PRBSet),pdschIndicesInfo.NREPerPRB,pdschextra.TargetCodeRate,pdschextra.XOverhead);

        % HARQ processing
        for cwIdx = 1:pdsch.NumCodewords
            % If new data for current process and codeword then create a new DL-SCH transport block
            if harqEntity.NewData(cwIdx)
                trBlk = randi([0 1],trBlkSizes(cwIdx),1);
                setTransportBlock(encodeDLSCH,trBlk,cwIdx-1,harqEntity.HARQProcessID);
                % If new data because of previous RV sequence time out then flush decoder soft buffer explicitly
                if harqEntity.SequenceTimeout(cwIdx)
                    resetSoftBuffer(decodeDLSCHLocal,cwIdx-1,harqEntity.HARQProcessID);
                end
            end
        end

        % Encode the DL-SCH transport blocks
        codedTrBlocks = encodeDLSCH(pdsch.Modulation,pdsch.NumLayers, ...
            pdschIndicesInfo.G,harqEntity.RedundancyVersion,harqEntity.HARQProcessID);

        % Get precoding matrix (wtx) calculated in previous slot
        wtx = newWtx;

        % Create resource grid for a slot
        pdschGrid = nrResourceGrid(carrier,simLocal.NTxAnts,OutputDataType=simLocal.DataType);

        % PDSCH modulation and precoding
        pdschSymbols = nrPDSCH(carrier,pdsch,codedTrBlocks);
        [pdschAntSymbols,pdschAntIndices] = nrPDSCHPrecode(carrier,pdschSymbols,pdschIndices,wtx);

        % PDSCH mapping in grid associated with PDSCH transmission period
        pdschGrid(pdschAntIndices) = pdschAntSymbols;

        % PDSCH DM-RS precoding and mapping
        dmrsSymbols = nrPDSCHDMRS(carrier,pdsch);
        dmrsIndices = nrPDSCHDMRSIndices(carrier,pdsch);
        [dmrsAntSymbols,dmrsAntIndices] = nrPDSCHPrecode(carrier,dmrsSymbols,dmrsIndices,wtx);
        pdschGrid(dmrsAntIndices) = dmrsAntSymbols;

        % PDSCH PT-RS precoding and mapping
        ptrsSymbols = nrPDSCHPTRS(carrier,pdsch);
        ptrsIndices = nrPDSCHPTRSIndices(carrier,pdsch);
        [ptrsAntSymbols,ptrsAntIndices] = nrPDSCHPrecode(carrier,ptrsSymbols,ptrsIndices,wtx);
        pdschGrid(ptrsAntIndices) = ptrsAntSymbols;

        % OFDM modulation
        txWaveform = nrOFDMModulate(carrier,pdschGrid);

        % Pass data through channel model. Append zeros at the end of the
        % transmitted waveform to flush channel content. These zeros take
        % into account any delay introduced in the channel. This is a mix
        % of multipath delay and implementation delay. This value may
        % change depending on the sampling rate, delay profile and delay
        % spread
        txWaveform = [txWaveform; zeros(maxChDelay,size(txWaveform,2))]; %#ok<AGROW>
        [rxWaveform,pathGains,sampleTimes] = channel(txWaveform);

        % Add AWGN to the received time domain waveform
        % Normalize noise power by the IFFT size used in OFDM modulation,
        % as the OFDM modulator applies this normalization to the
        % transmitted waveform. Also normalize by the number of receive
        % antennas, as the channel model applies this normalization to the
        % received waveform, by default
        SNR = 10^(SNRdB/10);
        N0 = 1/sqrt(simLocal.NRxAnts*double(waveinfoLocal.Nfft)*SNR);
        noise = N0*randn(size(rxWaveform),"like",rxWaveform);
        rxWaveform = rxWaveform + noise;

        if (simLocal.PerfectChannelEstimator)
            % Perfect synchronization. Use information provided by the
            % channel to find the strongest multipath component
            pathFilters = getPathFilters(channel);
            [offset,mag] = nrPerfectTimingEstimate(pathGains,pathFilters);
        else
            % Practical synchronization. Correlate the received waveform
            % with the PDSCH DM-RS to give timing offset estimate 't' and
            % correlation magnitude 'mag'. The function
            % hSkipWeakTimingOffset is used to update the receiver timing
            % offset. If the correlation peak in 'mag' is weak, the current
            % timing estimate 't' is ignored and the previous estimate
            % 'offset' is used
            [t,mag] = nrTimingEstimate(carrier,rxWaveform,dmrsIndices,dmrsSymbols);
            offset = hSkipWeakTimingOffset(offset,t,mag);
            % Display a warning if the estimated timing offset exceeds the
            % maximum channel delay
            if offset > maxChDelay
                warning(['Estimated timing offset (%d) is greater than the maximum channel delay (%d).' ...
                    ' This will result in a decoding failure. This may be caused by low SNR,' ...
                    ' or not enough DM-RS symbols to synchronize successfully.'],offset,maxChDelay);
            end
        end
        rxWaveform = rxWaveform(1+offset:end,:);

        % Perform OFDM demodulation on the received data to recreate the
        % resource grid, including padding in the event that practical
        % synchronization results in an incomplete slot being demodulated
        rxGrid = nrOFDMDemodulate(carrier,rxWaveform);
        [K,L,R] = size(rxGrid);
        if (L < carrier.SymbolsPerSlot)
            rxGrid = cat(2,rxGrid,zeros(K,carrier.SymbolsPerSlot-L,R));
        end

        if (simLocal.PerfectChannelEstimator)
            % Perfect channel estimation, using the value of the path gains
            % provided by the channel. This channel estimate does not
            % include the effect of transmitter precoding
            estChannelGridAnts = nrPerfectChannelEstimate(carrier,pathGains,pathFilters,offset,sampleTimes);

            % Get perfect noise estimate (from the noise realization)
            noiseGrid = nrOFDMDemodulate(carrier,noise(1+offset:end ,:));
            noiseEst = var(noiseGrid(:));

            % Get PDSCH resource elements from the received grid and
            % channel estimate
            [pdschRx,pdschHest,~,pdschHestIndices] = nrExtractResources(pdschIndices,rxGrid,estChannelGridAnts);

            % Apply precoding to channel estimate
            pdschHest = nrPDSCHPrecode(carrier,pdschHest,pdschHestIndices,permute(wtx,[2 1 3]));
        else
            % Practical channel estimation between the received grid and
            % each transmission layer, using the PDSCH DM-RS for each
            % layer. This channel estimate includes the effect of
            % transmitter precoding
            [estChannelGridPorts,noiseEst] = hSubbandChannelEstimate(carrier,rxGrid,dmrsIndices,dmrsSymbols,pdschextra.PRGBundleSize,'CDMLengths',pdsch.DMRS.CDMLengths);

            % Average noise estimate across PRGs and layers
            noiseEst = mean(noiseEst,'all');

            % Get PDSCH resource elements from the received grid and
            % channel estimate
            [pdschRx,pdschHest] = nrExtractResources(pdschIndices,rxGrid,estChannelGridPorts);

            % Remove precoding from estChannelGridPorts to get channel
            % estimate w.r.t. antennas
            estChannelGridAnts = precodeChannelEstimate(carrier,estChannelGridPorts,conj(wtx));
        end

        % Equalization
        [pdschEq,csi] = nrEqualizeMMSE(pdschRx,pdschHest,noiseEst);

        % Common phase error (CPE) compensation
        if ~isempty(ptrsIndices)
            % Initialize temporary grid to store equalized symbols
            tempGrid = nrResourceGrid(carrier,pdsch.NumLayers);

            % Extract PT-RS symbols from received grid and estimated
            % channel grid
            [ptrsRx,ptrsHest,~,~,ptrsHestIndices,ptrsLayerIndices] = nrExtractResources(ptrsIndices,rxGrid,estChannelGridAnts,tempGrid);
            ptrsHest = nrPDSCHPrecode(carrier,ptrsHest,ptrsHestIndices,permute(wtx,[2 1 3]));

            % Equalize PT-RS symbols and map them to tempGrid
            ptrsEq = nrEqualizeMMSE(ptrsRx,ptrsHest,noiseEst);
            tempGrid(ptrsLayerIndices) = ptrsEq;

            % Estimate the residual channel at the PT-RS locations in
            % tempGrid
            cpe = nrChannelEstimate(tempGrid,ptrsIndices,ptrsSymbols);

            % Sum estimates across subcarriers, receive antennas, and
            % layers. Then, get the CPE by taking the angle of the
            % resultant sum
            cpe = angle(sum(cpe,[1 3 4]));

            % Map the equalized PDSCH symbols to tempGrid
            tempGrid(pdschIndices) = pdschEq;

            % Correct CPE in each OFDM symbol within the range of reference
            % PT-RS OFDM symbols
            symLoc = pdschIndicesInfo.PTRSSymbolSet(1)+1:pdschIndicesInfo.PTRSSymbolSet(end)+1;
            tempGrid(:,symLoc,:) = tempGrid(:,symLoc,:).*exp(-1i*cpe(symLoc));

            % Extract PDSCH symbols
            pdschEq = tempGrid(pdschIndices);
        end

        % Decode PDSCH physical channel
        [dlschLLRs,rxSymbols] = nrPDSCHDecode(carrier,pdsch,pdschEq,noiseEst);

        % Display EVM per layer, per slot and per RB
        if (simLocal.DisplayDiagnostics)
            plotLayerEVM(NSlots,nslot,pdsch,size(pdschGrid),pdschIndices,pdschSymbols,pdschEq);
        end

        % Scale LLRs by CSI
        csi = nrLayerDemap(csi); % CSI layer demapping
        for cwIdx = 1:pdsch.NumCodewords
            Qm = length(dlschLLRs{cwIdx})/length(rxSymbols{cwIdx}); % bits per symbol
            csi{cwIdx} = repmat(csi{cwIdx}.',Qm,1);                 % expand by each bit per symbol
            dlschLLRs{cwIdx} = dlschLLRs{cwIdx} .* csi{cwIdx}(:);   % scale by CSI
        end

        % Decode the DL-SCH transport channel
        decodeDLSCHLocal.TransportBlockLength = trBlkSizes;
        [decbits,blkerr] = decodeDLSCHLocal(dlschLLRs,pdsch.Modulation,pdsch.NumLayers,harqEntity.RedundancyVersion,harqEntity.HARQProcessID);

        % Store values to calculate throughput
        simThroughput(snrIdx) = simThroughput(snrIdx) + sum(~blkerr .* trBlkSizes);
        maxThroughput(snrIdx) = maxThroughput(snrIdx) + sum(trBlkSizes);

        % Update current process with CRC error and advance to next process
        procstatus = updateAndAdvance(harqEntity,blkerr,trBlkSizes,pdschIndicesInfo.G);
        if (simLocal.DisplaySimulationInformation)
            fprintf('\n(%3.2f%%) NSlot=%d, %s',100*(nslot+1)/NSlots,nslot,procstatus);
        end

        % Get precoding matrix for next slot
        newWtx = hSVDPrecoders(carrier,pdsch,estChannelGridAnts,pdschextra.PRGBundleSize);

     end

    % Display the results dynamically in the command window
    if (simLocal.DisplaySimulationInformation)
        fprintf('\n');
    end
    fprintf('\nThroughput(Mbps) for %d frame(s) = %.4f\n',simLocal.NFrames,1e-6*simThroughput(snrIdx)/(simLocal.NFrames*10e-3));
    fprintf('Throughput(%%) for %d frame(s) = %.4f\n',simLocal.NFrames,simThroughput(snrIdx)*100/maxThroughput(snrIdx));

end

Simulating transmission scheme 1 (8x2) and SCS=30kHz with CDL-C channel at -5dB SNR for 2 10ms frame(s)

(2.50%) NSlot=0, HARQ Proc 0: CW0: Initial transmission failed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(5.00%) NSlot=1, HARQ Proc 1: CW0: Initial transmission failed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(7.50%) NSlot=2, HARQ Proc 2: CW0: Initial transmission failed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(10.00%) NSlot=3, HARQ Proc 3: CW0: Initial transmission failed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(12.50%) NSlot=4, HARQ Proc 4: CW0: Initial transmission failed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(15.00%) NSlot=5, HARQ Proc 5: CW0: Initial transmission failed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(17.50%) NSlot=6, HARQ Proc 6: CW0: Initial transmission failed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(20.00%) NSlot=7, HARQ Proc 7: CW0: Initial transmission failed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(22.50%) NSlot=8, HARQ Proc 8: CW0: Initial transmission failed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(25.00%) NSlot=9, HARQ Proc 9: CW0: Initial transmission failed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(27.50%) NSlot=10, HARQ Proc 10: CW0: Initial transmission failed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(30.00%) NSlot=11, HARQ Proc 11: CW0: Initial transmission failed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(32.50%) NSlot=12, HARQ Proc 12: CW0: Initial transmission failed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(35.00%) NSlot=13, HARQ Proc 13: CW0: Initial transmission failed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(37.50%) NSlot=14, HARQ Proc 14: CW0: Initial transmission failed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(40.00%) NSlot=15, HARQ Proc 15: CW0: Initial transmission failed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(42.50%) NSlot=16, HARQ Proc 0: CW0: Retransmission #1 passed (RV=2,CR=0.474736).
(45.00%) NSlot=17, HARQ Proc 1: CW0: Retransmission #1 passed (RV=2,CR=0.474736).
(47.50%) NSlot=18, HARQ Proc 2: CW0: Retransmission #1 passed (RV=2,CR=0.474736).
(50.00%) NSlot=19, HARQ Proc 3: CW0: Retransmission #1 passed (RV=2,CR=0.474736).
(52.50%) NSlot=20, HARQ Proc 4: CW0: Retransmission #1 passed (RV=2,CR=0.474736).
(55.00%) NSlot=21, HARQ Proc 5: CW0: Retransmission #1 passed (RV=2,CR=0.474736).
(57.50%) NSlot=22, HARQ Proc 6: CW0: Retransmission #1 passed (RV=2,CR=0.474736).
(60.00%) NSlot=23, HARQ Proc 7: CW0: Retransmission #1 passed (RV=2,CR=0.474736).
(62.50%) NSlot=24, HARQ Proc 8: CW0: Retransmission #1 passed (RV=2,CR=0.474736).
(65.00%) NSlot=25, HARQ Proc 9: CW0: Retransmission #1 passed (RV=2,CR=0.474736).
(67.50%) NSlot=26, HARQ Proc 10: CW0: Retransmission #1 passed (RV=2,CR=0.474736).
(70.00%) NSlot=27, HARQ Proc 11: CW0: Retransmission #1 passed (RV=2,CR=0.474736).
(72.50%) NSlot=28, HARQ Proc 12: CW0: Retransmission #1 passed (RV=2,CR=0.474736).
(75.00%) NSlot=29, HARQ Proc 13: CW0: Retransmission #1 passed (RV=2,CR=0.474736).
(77.50%) NSlot=30, HARQ Proc 14: CW0: Retransmission #1 passed (RV=2,CR=0.474736).
(80.00%) NSlot=31, HARQ Proc 15: CW0: Retransmission #1 passed (RV=2,CR=0.474736).
(82.50%) NSlot=32, HARQ Proc 0: CW0: Initial transmission failed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(85.00%) NSlot=33, HARQ Proc 1: CW0: Initial transmission failed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(87.50%) NSlot=34, HARQ Proc 2: CW0: Initial transmission failed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(90.00%) NSlot=35, HARQ Proc 3: CW0: Initial transmission failed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(92.50%) NSlot=36, HARQ Proc 4: CW0: Initial transmission failed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(95.00%) NSlot=37, HARQ Proc 5: CW0: Initial transmission failed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(97.50%) NSlot=38, HARQ Proc 6: CW0: Initial transmission failed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(100.00%) NSlot=39, HARQ Proc 7: CW0: Initial transmission failed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).

Throughput(Mbps) for 2 frame(s) = 24.1728
Throughput(%) for 2 frame(s) = 40.0000

Simulating transmission scheme 1 (8x2) and SCS=30kHz with CDL-C channel at 0dB SNR for 2 10ms frame(s)

(2.50%) NSlot=0, HARQ Proc 0: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(5.00%) NSlot=1, HARQ Proc 1: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(7.50%) NSlot=2, HARQ Proc 2: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(10.00%) NSlot=3, HARQ Proc 3: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(12.50%) NSlot=4, HARQ Proc 4: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(15.00%) NSlot=5, HARQ Proc 5: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(17.50%) NSlot=6, HARQ Proc 6: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(20.00%) NSlot=7, HARQ Proc 7: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(22.50%) NSlot=8, HARQ Proc 8: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(25.00%) NSlot=9, HARQ Proc 9: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(27.50%) NSlot=10, HARQ Proc 10: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(30.00%) NSlot=11, HARQ Proc 11: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(32.50%) NSlot=12, HARQ Proc 12: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(35.00%) NSlot=13, HARQ Proc 13: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(37.50%) NSlot=14, HARQ Proc 14: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(40.00%) NSlot=15, HARQ Proc 15: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(42.50%) NSlot=16, HARQ Proc 0: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(45.00%) NSlot=17, HARQ Proc 1: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(47.50%) NSlot=18, HARQ Proc 2: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(50.00%) NSlot=19, HARQ Proc 3: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(52.50%) NSlot=20, HARQ Proc 4: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(55.00%) NSlot=21, HARQ Proc 5: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(57.50%) NSlot=22, HARQ Proc 6: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(60.00%) NSlot=23, HARQ Proc 7: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(62.50%) NSlot=24, HARQ Proc 8: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(65.00%) NSlot=25, HARQ Proc 9: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(67.50%) NSlot=26, HARQ Proc 10: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(70.00%) NSlot=27, HARQ Proc 11: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(72.50%) NSlot=28, HARQ Proc 12: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(75.00%) NSlot=29, HARQ Proc 13: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(77.50%) NSlot=30, HARQ Proc 14: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(80.00%) NSlot=31, HARQ Proc 15: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(82.50%) NSlot=32, HARQ Proc 0: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(85.00%) NSlot=33, HARQ Proc 1: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(87.50%) NSlot=34, HARQ Proc 2: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(90.00%) NSlot=35, HARQ Proc 3: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(92.50%) NSlot=36, HARQ Proc 4: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(95.00%) NSlot=37, HARQ Proc 5: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(97.50%) NSlot=38, HARQ Proc 6: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(100.00%) NSlot=39, HARQ Proc 7: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).

Throughput(Mbps) for 2 frame(s) = 60.4320
Throughput(%) for 2 frame(s) = 100.0000

Simulating transmission scheme 1 (8x2) and SCS=30kHz with CDL-C channel at 5dB SNR for 2 10ms frame(s)

(2.50%) NSlot=0, HARQ Proc 0: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(5.00%) NSlot=1, HARQ Proc 1: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(7.50%) NSlot=2, HARQ Proc 2: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(10.00%) NSlot=3, HARQ Proc 3: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(12.50%) NSlot=4, HARQ Proc 4: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(15.00%) NSlot=5, HARQ Proc 5: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(17.50%) NSlot=6, HARQ Proc 6: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(20.00%) NSlot=7, HARQ Proc 7: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(22.50%) NSlot=8, HARQ Proc 8: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(25.00%) NSlot=9, HARQ Proc 9: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(27.50%) NSlot=10, HARQ Proc 10: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(30.00%) NSlot=11, HARQ Proc 11: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(32.50%) NSlot=12, HARQ Proc 12: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(35.00%) NSlot=13, HARQ Proc 13: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(37.50%) NSlot=14, HARQ Proc 14: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(40.00%) NSlot=15, HARQ Proc 15: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(42.50%) NSlot=16, HARQ Proc 0: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(45.00%) NSlot=17, HARQ Proc 1: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(47.50%) NSlot=18, HARQ Proc 2: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(50.00%) NSlot=19, HARQ Proc 3: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(52.50%) NSlot=20, HARQ Proc 4: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(55.00%) NSlot=21, HARQ Proc 5: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(57.50%) NSlot=22, HARQ Proc 6: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(60.00%) NSlot=23, HARQ Proc 7: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(62.50%) NSlot=24, HARQ Proc 8: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(65.00%) NSlot=25, HARQ Proc 9: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(67.50%) NSlot=26, HARQ Proc 10: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(70.00%) NSlot=27, HARQ Proc 11: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(72.50%) NSlot=28, HARQ Proc 12: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(75.00%) NSlot=29, HARQ Proc 13: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(77.50%) NSlot=30, HARQ Proc 14: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(80.00%) NSlot=31, HARQ Proc 15: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(82.50%) NSlot=32, HARQ Proc 0: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(85.00%) NSlot=33, HARQ Proc 1: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(87.50%) NSlot=34, HARQ Proc 2: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(90.00%) NSlot=35, HARQ Proc 3: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(92.50%) NSlot=36, HARQ Proc 4: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(95.00%) NSlot=37, HARQ Proc 5: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(97.50%) NSlot=38, HARQ Proc 6: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).
(100.00%) NSlot=39, HARQ Proc 7: CW0: Initial transmission passed (RV=0,CR=0.474736).

Throughput(Mbps) for 2 frame(s) = 60.4320
Throughput(%) for 2 frame(s) = 100.0000

결과

측정된 처리량을 표시합니다. 이 값은 데이터 송신에 주어진 사용 가능한 리소스에 대한 링크의 최대 가능 처리량의 백분율로 계산됩니다.

figure;
plot(simParameters.SNRIn,simThroughput*100./maxThroughput,'o-.')
xlabel('SNR (dB)'); ylabel('Throughput (%)'); grid on;
title(sprintf('%s (%dx%d) / NRB=%d / SCS=%dkHz', ...
              simParameters.DelayProfile,simParameters.NTxAnts,simParameters.NRxAnts, ...
              simParameters.Carrier.NSizeGrid,simParameters.Carrier.SubcarrierSpacing));

% Bundle key parameters and results into a combined structure for recording
simResults.simParameters = simParameters;
simResults.simThroughput = simThroughput;
simResults.maxThroughput = maxThroughput;

아래 Figure는 10000개의 서브프레임을 시뮬레이션하여 얻은 처리량 결과를 보여줍니다(NFrames = 1000, SNRIn = -18:2:16).

정선된 참고 문헌

3GPP TS 38.211. "NR; Physical channels and modulation." 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network.
3GPP TS 38.212. "NR; Multiplexing and channel coding." 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network.
3GPP TS 38.213. "NR; Physical layer procedures for control." 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network.
3GPP TS 38.214. "NR; Physical layer procedures for data." 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network.
3GPP TR 38.901. "Study on channel model for frequencies from 0.5 to 100 GHz." 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network.

로컬 함수

function validateNumLayers(simParameters)
% Validate the number of layers, relative to the antenna geometry

    numlayers = simParameters.PDSCH.NumLayers;
    ntxants = simParameters.NTxAnts;
    nrxants = simParameters.NRxAnts;
    antennaDescription = sprintf('min(NTxAnts,NRxAnts) = min(%d,%d) = %d',ntxants,nrxants,min(ntxants,nrxants));
    if numlayers > min(ntxants,nrxants)
        error('The number of layers (%d) must satisfy NumLayers <= %s', ...
            numlayers,antennaDescription);
    end

    % Display a warning if the maximum possible rank of the channel equals
    % the number of layers
    if (numlayers > 2) && (numlayers == min(ntxants,nrxants))
        warning(['The maximum possible rank of the channel, given by %s, is equal to NumLayers (%d).' ...
            ' This may result in a decoding failure under some channel conditions.' ...
            ' Try decreasing the number of layers or increasing the channel rank' ...
            ' (use more transmit or receive antennas).'],antennaDescription,numlayers); %#ok<SPWRN>
    end

end

function estChannelGrid = getInitialChannelEstimate(carrier,nTxAnts,propchannel,dataType)
% Obtain channel estimate before first transmission. This can be used to
% obtain a precoding matrix for the first slot.

    ofdmInfo = nrOFDMInfo(carrier);

    chInfo = info(propchannel);
    maxChDelay = chInfo.MaximumChannelDelay;

    % Temporary waveform (only needed for the sizes)
    tmpWaveform = zeros((ofdmInfo.SampleRate/1000/carrier.SlotsPerSubframe)+maxChDelay,nTxAnts,dataType);

    % Filter through channel
    [~,pathGains,sampleTimes] = propchannel(tmpWaveform);

    % Perfect timing synch
    pathFilters = getPathFilters(propchannel);
    offset = nrPerfectTimingEstimate(pathGains,pathFilters);

    % Perfect channel estimate
    estChannelGrid = nrPerfectChannelEstimate(carrier,pathGains,pathFilters,offset,sampleTimes);

end

function estChannelGrid = precodeChannelEstimate(carrier,estChannelGrid,W)
% Apply precoding matrix W to the last dimension of the channel estimate

    [K,L,R,P] = size(estChannelGrid);
    estChannelGrid = reshape(estChannelGrid,[K*L R P]);
    estChannelGrid = nrPDSCHPrecode(carrier,estChannelGrid,reshape(1:numel(estChannelGrid),[K*L R P]),W);
    estChannelGrid = reshape(estChannelGrid,K,L,R,[]);

end

function plotLayerEVM(NSlots,nslot,pdsch,siz,pdschIndices,pdschSymbols,pdschEq)
% Plot EVM information

    persistent slotEVM;
    persistent rbEVM
    persistent evmPerSlot;

    if (nslot==0)
        slotEVM = comm.EVM;
        rbEVM = comm.EVM;
        evmPerSlot = NaN(NSlots,pdsch.NumLayers);
        figure;
    end
    evmPerSlot(nslot+1,:) = slotEVM(pdschSymbols,pdschEq);
    subplot(2,1,1);
    plot(0:(NSlots-1),evmPerSlot,'o-');
    xlabel('Slot number');
    ylabel('EVM (%)');
    legend("layer " + (1:pdsch.NumLayers),'Location','EastOutside');
    title('EVM per layer per slot');

    subplot(2,1,2);
    [k,~,p] = ind2sub(siz,pdschIndices);
    rbsubs = floor((k-1) / 12);
    NRB = siz(1) / 12;
    evmPerRB = NaN(NRB,pdsch.NumLayers);
    for nu = 1:pdsch.NumLayers
        for rb = unique(rbsubs).'
            this = (rbsubs==rb & p==nu);
            evmPerRB(rb+1,nu) = rbEVM(pdschSymbols(this),pdschEq(this));
        end
    end
    plot(0:(NRB-1),evmPerRB,'x-');
    xlabel('Resource block');
    ylabel('EVM (%)');
    legend("layer " + (1:pdsch.NumLayers),'Location','EastOutside');
    title(['EVM per layer per resource block, slot #' num2str(nslot)]);

    drawnow;

end