Ring-Planet

Planetary gear set of carrier, planet, and ring wheels with adjustable gear ratio and friction losses

• Library:

• Simscape / Driveline / Gears / Planetary Subcomponents

• 

Description

The Ring-Planet block represents a carrier, a ring gear, and a set of planet gears. The planet gears are connected to and rotate with respect to the carrier. The planet and ring gears corotate with a fixed gear ratio that you specify. A ring-planet and a sun-planet gear are basic elements of a planetary gear set. For model details, see Equations.

Thermal Model

You can model the effects of heat flow and temperature change by enabling the optional thermal port. To enable the port, set Friction model to Temperature-dependent efficiency.

Equations

Ideal Gear Constraints and Gear Ratios

The Ring-Planet block imposes one kinematic and one geometric constraint on the three connected axes:

$$r_{\text{R}}{\omega }_{\text{R}}=r_{\text{C}}{\omega }_{\text{C}}+r_{\text{P}}{\omega }_{\text{P}}$$

$$r_{\text{R}}=r_{\text{C}}+r_{\text{P}}$$

The ring-planet gear ratio is

$$g_{\text{RP}}=r_{\text{R}}/r_{\text{P}}=N_{\text{R}}/N_{\text{P}},$$

where N is the number of teeth on each gear. In terms of this ratio, the key kinematic constraint is

$$g_{\text{RP}}{\omega }_{\text{R}}={\omega }_{\text{P}}+(g_{\text{RP}}–\text{ 1}){\omega }_{\text{C}}.$$

The three degrees of freedom reduce to two independent degrees of freedom. The gear pair is (1, 2) = (P, R).

Warning

The ring-planet gear ratio g_RP must be strictly greater than one.

The torque transfer is:

$$g_{\text{RP}}{\tau }_{\text{P}}+{\tau }_{\text{R}}–{\tau }_{\text{loss}}=0.$$

In the ideal case where there is no torque loss, τ_loss = 0.

Nonideal Gear Constraints and Losses

In the nonideal case, τ_loss ≠ 0. For more information, see Model Gears with Losses.

Variables

Use the Variables settings to set the priority and initial target values for the block variables before simulating. For more information, see Set Priority and Initial Target for Block Variables.

Assumptions and Limitations

• Gear inertia is assumed to be negligible.

• Gears are treated as rigid components.

• Coulomb friction slows down simulation. For more information, see Adjust Model Fidelity.

Ports

Conserving

C — Planet gear carrier

rotational mechanical

Rotational mechanical conserving port associated with the planet gear carrier.

R — Ring gear

rotational mechanical

Rotational mechanical conserving port associated with the ring gear.

P — Planet gear

rotational mechanical

Rotational mechanical conserving port associated with the planet gear.

H — Heat flow

thermal

Thermal conserving port associated with heat flow. Heat flow affects the power transmission efficiency by altering the gear temperatures.

Dependencies

To enable this port, set Friction model to Temperature-dependent efficiency.

Parameters

Main

Ring (R) to planet (P) teeth ratio (NR/NP) — Ring to planet gear rotation ratio

2 (default) | scalar greater than 1

Ratio, g_RP, of the ring gear to planet gear rotations as defined by the number of ring gear teeth divided by the number of planet gear teeth. This gear ratio must be strictly greater than 1.

Meshing Losses

Friction model — Friction model

No meshing losses - Suitable for HIL simulation (default) | Constant efficiency | Temperature-dependent efficiency

Friction model for the block:

• No meshing losses - Suitable for HIL simulation — Gear meshing is ideal.

• Constant efficiency — Transfer of torque between the gear wheel pairs is reduced by a constant efficiency, η, such that 0 < η ≤ 1.

• Temperature-dependent efficiency — Transfer of torque between the gear wheel pairs is defined by the table lookup based on the temperature.

Ordinary efficiency — Torque transfer efficiency

0.98 (default) | scalar

Torque transfer efficiency, η_RP, for the outer and inner planet gear wheel pair meshing. This value must be in the range (0,1].

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Friction model to Constant efficiency.

Temperature — Temperature

[280, 300, 320] K (default) | vector

Vector of temperatures used to construct a 1-D temperature-efficiency lookup table. The vector elements must increase from left to right.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Friction model to Temperature-dependent efficiency.

Efficiency — Gear efficiency

[.95, .9, .85] (default) | vector

Vector of output-to-input power ratios that describe the power flow from the ring gear to the planet gear, η_RP. The block uses the values to construct a 1-D temperature-efficiency lookup table.

Each element is an efficiency that relates to a temperature in the Temperature vector. The length of the vector must be equal to the length of the Temperature vector. Each element in the vector must be in the range (0,1].

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Friction model to Temperature-dependent efficiency.

Planet-carrier power threshold — Minimum efficiency power threshold for the planet-carrier gear coupling

0.001 W (default) | scalar

Power threshold, p_th, above which full efficiency is in effect. Below this value, a hyperbolic tangent function smooths the efficiency factor.

When you set Friction model to Constant efficiency, the block lowers the efficiency losses to zero when no power is transmitted. When you set Friction model to Temperature-dependent efficiency, the block smooths the efficiency factors between zero when at rest and the values provided by the temperature-efficiency lookup tables at the power thresholds.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Friction model to Constant efficiency or Temperature-dependent efficiency.

Viscous Losses

Planet-carrier viscous friction coefficient — Gear viscous friction

0 N*m/(rad/s) (default) | scalar

Viscous friction coefficient, μ_P, for the planet-carrier gear motion.

Thermal Port

To enable this parameter, set Friction model to Temperature-dependent efficiency.

Thermal mass — Thermal mass

50 J/K (default) | scalar

Thermal energy required to change the component temperature by a single temperature unit. The greater the thermal mass, the more resistant the component is to temperature change.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Friction model to Temperature-dependent efficiency.

More About

Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation

For optimal simulation performance, set Friction model to the default value, No meshing losses - Suitable for HIL simulation.

Extended Capabilities

C/C++ Code Generation
Generate C and C++ code using Simulink® Coder™.