A test circuit built to check the characteristics of a pressure compensator. A pressure source is connected to two flow paths, each with a fixed orifice and a variable orifice that acts as a variable load. Along one flow path a pressure compensator is installed.

A test circuit built to check the characteristics of a pilot-operated check valve. The valve is loaded with three ideal pressure sources, two of which create pressure differential across the main flow line, while the third applies pressure to the pilot inlet X. The pilot pressure allows flow through the valve even if the main pressure differential is negative.

A test circuit built to check the pressure-flow characteristic of a direct-acting pressure-relief valve. The valve model consists of an orifice, a hydro-mechanical converter, a preloaded spring, and a hard stop.

The behavior of a flow divider subjected to varying loads. The model consists of a power unit, flow divider, and two consumers. The power unit is modeled using a flow rate source and a pressure relief valve. The Flow Divider block splits the flow between the two variable orifices.

A testrig for a gas-charged accumulator. The accumulator is charged by the pressure source while the orifice is closed, held at its charged pressure by the check valve, and discharged as the orifice opens.

A testrig for a spring-loaded accumulator. The accumulator is charged by the pressure source while the orifice is closed, held at its charged pressure by the check valve, and discharged as the orifice opens.

A test rig used to investigate the water hammer effect, which occurs when a variable orifice is abruptly shut off with full flow rate flowing through the branch. The water hammer behavior of the pipeline can be investigated by changing pipeline dimensions, number of segments in the pipeline model, fluid properties, valve closure speed, and minimum opening.

The behavior of a constant volume chamber exposed to a step increase in pressure. The chamber is placed between two linear hydraulic resistances and subjected to an abrupt change in supply pressure. The chamber is a piece of a steel cylindrical pipe of 0.03 m internal diameter, 0.036 m external diameter, and 16.5 m length. If the chamber wall is set to rigid and the amount of entrapped air is zero, the pressure change at the chamber inlet can be determined analytically.