Main Content

Band Brake

Frictional brake with flexible band wrapped around rotating drum

  • Band Brake block

Libraries:
Simscape / Driveline / Brakes & Detents / Rotational

Description

The Band Brake block represents a frictional brake with a flexible band that wraps around the periphery of a rotating drum to produce a braking action. A positive actuating force causes the band to tighten around the rotating drum and it places the friction surfaces in contact. Viscous and contact friction between the surfaces of the drum and the flexible band causes the rotating drum to decelerate.

You can model the effects of heat flow and temperature change for the block by using port H, an optional thermal conserving port.

Band brakes provide high braking torque at the cost of reduced braking precision in applications that include winch drums, chainsaws, go-karts, and mini-bikes.

Equations

The block uses a simple parameterization with simple brake geometry and friction parameters.

The braking torque as a function of the external brake actuation force that tightens the belt is

T=(FTBFA)rD+μviscω

Where:

  • T is the braking torque.

  • FTB is the tension force acting on the tense branch of the band.

  • FA is the external brake actuation force.

  • rD is the drum radius.

  • μvisc is the viscous friction coefficient.

  • μ is the contact friction coefficient.

  • ϕ is the wrap angle.

Forces FTB and FA satisfy the relationship

FTBFA=eμϕ

Replacing the relationship in the braking torque formula eliminates force FTB such that

T=FA(eμϕ1)rD+μviscω

To avoid discontinuity at zero relative velocity, the model defines the actuation force, FS, as a hyperbolic function

FA=Fintanh(4ωωthreshold)

Where:

  • Fin is the force input signal.

  • ωthreshold is the angular velocity threshold.

Faults

To model a fault in the Band Brake block, in the Faults section, click the Add fault hyperlink next to the fault that you want to model. When the Add Fault window opens, you can to specify the fault properties. For more information about fault modeling, see Fault Behavior Modeling and Fault Triggering.

When you trigger a fault, the block applies the value of the Belt force when faulted parameter instead of the value at port F for the remainder of the simulation. When the value is 0, no braking occurs. When the value is relatively large, the brake is stuck.

Thermal Model

You can model the effects of heat flow and temperature change by exposing the optional thermal port. To expose the port, in the Friction settings, set the Thermal Port parameter to Model.

Limitations and Assumptions

The model does not account for actuator flow consumption.

Ports

Input

expand all

Physical signal inport associated with the external tensioning force that is applied to the belt.

Conserving

expand all

Rotational conserving port associated with the rotating drum shaft.

Thermal conserving port associated with heat flow.

Dependencies

This port is visible only when, in the Friction settings, the Thermal Port parameter is set to Model.

Exposing this port makes related settings visible.

Parameters

expand all

Geometry

Radius of the drum contact surface. The parameter must be greater than zero.

Contact angle between the flexible belt and the rotating drum. The parameter must be greater than zero.

Friction

Viscous friction coefficient at the belt-drum contact surface. The parameter must be greater than or equal to zero.

Model for heat flow and temperature change:

  • Omit — Neglect thermal dynamics.

  • Model — Include thermal dynamics.

Dependencies

When this parameter is set to Model, the thermal port and related parameters and variables are visible.

Array of temperatures used to construct a 1-D temperature-efficiency lookup table. The array values must increase left to right.

Dependencies

This parameter is only visible when the Thermal Port parameter is set to Model.

Coulomb friction coefficient at the belt-drum contact surface. The value must be greater than zero.

Dependencies

This parameter is only visible when the Thermal Port parameter is set to Omit.

Coulomb friction coefficient at the belt-drum contact surface, such that:

  • The number of elements in the vector must be the same as the number of elements in the specified vector for the Temperature parameter

  • The values increase left to right.

  • Each value must be greater than zero.

Dependencies

This parameter is only visible when the Thermal Port parameter is set to Model.

Angular velocity at which the contact friction coefficient practically reaches its steady-state value. The value must be greater than zero.

Faults

To modify the faults, create a fault and, in the block dialog, click Open fault properties. In the Property Inspector, click the Fault behavior link to open the faults.

Whether to model a belt tension fault in the block. The fault replaces the value at port F with the value of the Belt tension when faulted parameter. To add a fault, click the Add fault hyperlink.

Belt tension when a fault is triggered. When you trigger a fault, the block applies the value of the Belt tension when faulted parameter instead of the value at port F for the remainder of the simulation. When the value is 0, no braking occurs. When the value is relatively large, the brake is stuck.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, enable faults for the block by clicking the Add fault hyperlink.

Thermal Port

Thermal energy required to change the component temperature by a single degree. The greater the thermal mass, the more resistant the component is to temperature change.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Thermal Port to Model.

Extended Capabilities

C/C++ Code Generation
Generate C and C++ code using Simulink® Coder™.

Version History

Introduced in R2012b

expand all